Social Change and Development in India: Class 12 Sociology

The NCERT Books Class 12 sociology 2025-26 guide students through important topics like social change, development, and their effects on Indian society. Each chapter introduces core concepts clearly, making it easier to grasp the reasons behind social changes and their real-world impact. Preparing from NCERT is essential as the book follows the latest CBSE syllabus and patterns, ensuring students are exam-ready with reliable, easy-to-understand content.

With step-wise explanations and chapter activities, this NCERT book builds your understanding gradually and helps you connect concepts. The structure supports systematic learning, conceptual clarity, and confident answering in both theory and application-based questions for board exams.

NCERT Books Class 12 sociology Chapter-wise Overview

Each chapter in the Class 12 sociology NCERT Book explains social trends, developments, and their effects in India. Structured directly as per NCERT, every topic supports thorough preparation for CBSE board exams.

Chapter 1: Structural Change

This chapter explores the concept of structural change within society. It discusses how changes in social structures, such as the family, education, and government, influence broader social dynamics. Students learn about the factors driving structural change and its implications on society's evolution.

Chapter 2: Cultural Change

This chapter focuses on cultural change, explaining how cultures evolve over time. It examines the impact of modernization, globalization, and technological advancements on cultural norms and practices. The chapter also explores the ways in which cultural change is influenced by social, economic, and political factors.

Chapter 3: The Constitution and Social Change

In this chapter, students learn about the role of the Constitution in facilitating social change. It discusses how legal frameworks and constitutional provisions, such as fundamental rights, contribute to the transformation of social institutions and help promote equality and justice within society.

Chapter 4: Change and Development in Rural Society

This chapter looks at the changes and development processes occurring in rural societies. It covers the factors driving rural change, such as agricultural reforms, industrialization, and migration. The chapter also discusses the challenges faced by rural communities in the face of modernization and development.

Chapter 5: Change and Development in Industrial Society

This chapter explores the changes brought about by industrialization in society. It examines the rise of industrial societies, the shift from agrarian economies to industrial ones, and the impact of industrialization on social structures, labor markets, and urbanization. It also highlights the challenges faced by industrial societies, such as inequality and environmental issues.

Chapter 6: Globalisation and Social Change

In this chapter, students learn about globalization and its effects on social change. It discusses how global interconnectedness, through trade, technology, and communication, influences local cultures, economies, and societies. The chapter explores both the positive and negative aspects of globalization, including cultural homogenization and the expansion of economic opportunities.

Chapter 7: Mass Media and Communications

This chapter examines the role of mass media in shaping social change. It discusses how media influences public opinion, cultural trends, and social movements. The chapter also explores the impact of new media technologies on communication, particularly in the digital age, and their role in connecting global communities.

Chapter 8: Social Movements

In this chapter, students learn about the nature of social movements and their role in social change. It explores the causes, forms, and strategies of social movements, including political, environmental, and feminist movements. The chapter discusses how social movements challenge existing social norms and structures to bring about change.

Why Class 12 sociology NCERT Books by Vedantu Are Useful for CBSE Students

NCERT books are the best resource for Class 12 sociology as they explain every concept in a simple, systematic way. They match the exact CBSE syllabus, making exam preparation less stressful. With clear definitions and reliable explanations, students can revise and build their basics confidently—supported by Vedantu’s well-structured guidance.

• Directly aligned with CBSE syllabus.
• Clear explanations and authentic definitions.
• Helpful for school exams and board preparation.
• Strong base for revision and reference.

How Class 12 sociology NCERT Books Help in CBSE Exam Preparation

Class 12 sociology NCERT books are essential for CBSE board exams as they include all important social change concepts and development topics. These books are trusted for comprehensive syllabus coverage and concept-based revision.

• Concepts asked directly in CBSE exams.
• Supports descriptive and application questions.
• Ideal for last-minute revision.

Stay focused on NCERT chapters, revise regularly, and approach sociology topics with confidence. Consistent reading will help you write better answers and feel prepared during board exams.