NCERT Class 12 Maths Book: Free PDF Download & Solutions

NCERT Books Class 12 maths 2025-26 guides you through the essential concepts of senior secondary mathematics, preparing you for both school and CBSE board exams. Each chapter in the NCERT book is structured with definitions, solved examples, and stepwise explanations, making the subject clear and practical.

From advanced algebra to calculus, vector algebra, and probability, every topic is included to match the CBSE syllabus and exam pattern. Practicing NCERT problems builds a strong foundation and boosts your confidence for exams.

NCERT Books Class 12 maths Chapter-wise Overview

Each chapter in your NCERT maths book builds concepts step by step, helping you understand theory and practice smoothly. The content supports direct CBSE exam preparation and strengthens basics for higher studies.

Chapter 1: Relations and Functions

This chapter introduces the basics of sets, relations, and functions. You’ll learn how to represent and classify different types of functions. Pay attention to types of relations, especially equivalence relations.

Chapter 2: Inverse Trigonometric Functions

Covers properties, domain, and range of inverse trigonometric functions. It teaches you to solve equations using these functions. Focus on principal values for exam problems.

Chapter 3: Matrices

Explores the definition, types, and algebra of matrices. Concepts like addition, multiplication, and transpose are discussed. Practice matrix operations as they are often tested.

Chapter 4: Determinants

Introduces determinants and their properties. Learn how determinants help in solving systems of linear equations. Understand minors, cofactors, and Cramer’s Rule.

Chapter 5: Continuity And Differentiability

Focuses on the concepts of continuity and differentiability of functions. Covers composite, implicit, and exponential differentiations. Practice examples related to chain rule and differentiability.

Chapter 6: Application Of Derivatives

Shows real-life uses of derivatives in slope, maxima-minima, and rate of change problems. Techniques such as tangents and normals are explained. Revise increasing and decreasing functions closely.

Chapter 7: Integrals

Deals with indefinite and definite integrals, including integration techniques. Learn the fundamental theorem of calculus. Focus on substitution and partial fraction methods.

Chapter 8: Application Of Integrals

Applies integration to find area under curves and between lines. Problems on area bounded by graphs are essential. Revisit examples where regions overlap or intersect.

Chapter 9: Differential Equations

Explains formation and solution of differential equations. Teaches methods like variables separable and homogeneous equations. Pay close attention to order and degree concepts.

Chapter 10: Vector Algebra

Introduces vectors and their operations, including addition and scalar multiplication. Direction cosines and projection are explained. Practice problems on dot and cross products.

Chapter 11: Three Dimensional Geometry

Covers lines, planes, and their equations in 3D space. Discusses direction ratios and cosines. Focus on distance and angle problems for exams.

Chapter 12: Linear Programming

Teaches formulation and solution of linear programming problems using graphical method. Focus on identifying constraints and the feasible region. Learn optimal solutions for exam practice.

Chapter 13: Probability

Covers conditional probability, Bayes’ theorem, and independent events. Provides methods for finding probabilities of complex situations. Study total probability and independent events thoroughly.

Why Class 12 maths NCERT Books by Vedantu Are Useful for CBSE Students

Class 12 NCERT maths books help you master each chapter with clear concepts, authentic explanations, and direct relevance to CBSE exams. They support focused revision, practice, and stepwise learning for school and board exams. Vedantu recommends using these books as your main reference for clarity and confidence.

• Directly aligned with CBSE syllabus.
• Clear explanations and authentic definitions.
• Helpful for school exams and board preparation.
• Strong base for revision and reference.

How Class 12 maths NCERT Books Help in CBSE Exam Preparation

NCERT books provide concise theory, exercises, and examples that form the core of CBSE exam questions and concept revision. These books are the best option for understanding fundamentals, practicing CBSE sample papers, and last-minute review.

• Concepts asked directly in CBSE exams.
• Supports descriptive and application questions.
• Ideal for last-minute revision.

Always read the NCERT chapters carefully and revise key concepts for every topic. Consistent practice is the key to confidence and success in your Class 12 mathematics board exams.