CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2024-25

Unit I- Electrostatics                                                                                   26 Periods

Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields

Electric charges, Conservation of charge, Coulomb's law-force between twopoint charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution.

Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in uniform electric field. 

Electric flux, statement of Gauss's theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside).

Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two-point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field.

Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor. Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor (no derivation, formulae only). 

Unit II- Current Electricity                                                                      18 Periods

Chapter–3: Current Electricity

Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric current; Ohm's law, V-I characteristics (linear and nonlinear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity, temperature dependence of resistance, Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and in parallel, Kirchhoff's rules, Wheatstone bridge.

Unit III- Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism                                        25 Periods

Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism

Concept of magnetic field, Oersted's experiment.

Biot - Savart law and its application to the current carrying circular loop.

Ampere's law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire. Straight solenoid (only qualitative treatment), force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields.

Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere, torque experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic field; Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, moving coil galvanometerits current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.

Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter

Bar magnet, bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis (qualitative treatment only), torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field lines.

Magnetic properties of materials- Para-, dia- and ferro - magnetic substances with examples, Magnetization of materials, effect of temperature on magnetic properties. 

Unit IV- Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents                         24 Periods

Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction                                    

Electromagnetic induction; Faraday's laws, induced EMF and current; Lenz's Law, Self and mutual induction.

Chapter–7: Alternating Current

Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and impedance; LCR series circuit (phasors only), resonance, power in AC circuits, power factor, wattless current. AC generator, Transformer.

Unit V- Electromagnetic waves                                                           18 Periods 

Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves

Basic idea of displacement current, Electromagnetic waves, their characteristics, their transverse nature (qualitative idea only).

Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses.

Unit VI- Optics                                                                                             30 Periods

Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments

Ray Optics: Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, refraction of light, total internal reflection and optical fibers, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens maker’s formula, magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, refraction of light through a prism. 

Optical instruments: Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers.

Chapter–10: Wave Optics

Wave Optics: Wavefront and Huygens principle, reflection and refraction of plane waves at a plane surface using wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygens principle. Interference, Young's double slit experiment and expression for fringe width (No derivation final expression only), coherent sources and sustained interference of light, diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maxima (qualitative treatment only). 

Unit VII- Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter                                                   08 Periods     

Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard's observations; Einstein's photoelectric equation-particle nature of light. Experimental study of photoelectric effect Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de-Broglie relation.

Unit VIII- Atoms and Nuclei                                                         15 Periods

Chapter–12: Atoms

Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model of hydrogen atom, Expression for radius of nth possible orbit, velocity and energy of electron in his orbit, of hydrogen line spectra (qualitative treatment only).

Chapter–13: Nuclei

Composition and size of nucleus, nuclear force Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission, nuclear fusion.

Unit IX- Electronic Devices                                                                      10 Periods

Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits

Energy bands in conductors, semiconductors and insulators (qualitative ideas only) Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors- p and n type, p-n junction Semiconductor diode - I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, application of junction diode -diode as a rectifier.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Practical Evaluation Scheme 2024:

Why Should You Refer to Physics Syllabus Class 12 CBSE?

Students should refer to the NCERT Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2024-25 on a regular basis as it will make them more familiar with the examination pattern. Given below are some of the benefits of the Class 12 Board Physics Syllabus:

Knowledge of the Course Content

The prime reason for downloading the CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus NCERT is to understand the content better. The course content of Physics will help you chalk out a plan to proceed and complete the syllabus. Class 12 has a huge syllabus to complete in a year. If you have not organized your study plan, you will not be able to complete all the chapters on time. Physics Syllabus Class 12 CBSE will help you achieve the goal and complete the syllabus.

Understanding the Distribution of Marks

Not all chapters are similarly marked or given weightage in the Class 12 board exam. You can easily find out the weightage and marks distribution of the chapters present in the Physics Syllabus Class 12 CBSE. By understanding the proper marks distribution, you can plan and study all the chapters as per your requirement. You can concentrate accordingly and complete the syllabus of the exam in no time.

Changes That You Should Learn

A syllabus is changed in due course of time. New things are added and some old things are removed. Refer to the latest CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2024-25 prepared by the experts and learn what new has been added. Check out how many chapters in physics class 12 have been newly added. It is done by the research team of Vedantu so that students can be aware of the changes beforehand.

Conclusion

Physics Syllabus Class 12 CBSE is the roadmap to success in the exams. You can easily chalk out a plan and start preparing the chapters accordingly. Class 12 is very crucial and has many subjects to cover. Hence, you need to concentrate on each subject properly. The syllabus will help you do the same.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Study Materials