CBSE Chemistry Class 12 Syllabus 2024-25

Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25 PDF 

The Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25 is segmented into three sections: Part A, Part B, and Part C. Part A encompasses Fundamental Principles of Chemistry, encompassing subjects such as atomic structure, chemical bonding, states of matter, and thermochemistry. Part B encompasses Subjects in Physical Chemistry, covering areas such as chemical kinetics, equilibrium, and electrochemistry. Part C encompasses Subjects in Organic Chemistry, covering areas such as alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic compounds.

Chemistry Class 12 Syllabus Part A - Basic Concepts

Chemistry Class 12 Syllabus Part B - Physical Chemistry

Chemistry Class 12 Syllabus Part C - Basic Concepts

Apart from the subjects outlined in the curriculum, the CBSE Class 12 Chemistry examination evaluates students' analytical and problem-solving abilities, along with their capacity to apply classroom-learned concepts to practical scenarios.

Chemistry Syllabus Class 12  - Unit-wise Breakdown

Unit-II: Solutions 

Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions, Raoult's law, colligative properties - relative lowering of vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass, Van't Hoff factor

Unit-III: Electrochemistry

Redox reactions, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells, Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch's Law, electrolysis and law of electrolysis (elementary idea), dry cell-electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells, lead accumulator, fuel cells, corrosion.

Unit-IV: Chemical Kinetics

Rate of a reaction (Average and instantaneous), factors affecting rate of reaction: concentration, temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction, rate law and specific rate constant, integrated rate equations and half-life (only for zero and first order reactions), concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment), activation energy, Arrhenius equation.

Unit-VIII:  D and F Block Elements  

General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, general trends in properties of the first-row transition metals – metallic character, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, alloy formation, preparation and properties of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4.

• Lanthanoids – Electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid contraction and its consequences. 

• Actinoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lanthanoids. 

Unit-IX: Coordination Compounds 

Coordination compounds - Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds. Bonding, Werner's theory, VBT, and CFT; structure and stereoisomerism, the importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and biological system).

Unit-X: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes.

• Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C–X bond, physical and chemical properties, optical rotation mechanism of substitution reactions. 

• Haloarenes: Nature of C–X bond, substitution reactions (Directive influence of halogen in monosubstituted compounds only). Uses and environmental effects of - dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, iodoform, freons, DDT.

Unit-XI: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers

• Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only), identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration, uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol. 

• Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of phenol, electrophilic substitution reactions, uses of phenols. 

• Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses.

Unit-XII: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

• Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes, uses. 

• Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties; uses.

Unit-XIII: Amines

• Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses, identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines. 

• Diazonium Salts: Preparation, chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic chemistry.
  
  

Unit-XIV: Biomolecules

• Carbohydrates - Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), D-L configuration oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen); Importance of carbohydrates.

• Proteins -Elementary idea of - amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, structure of proteins - primary, secondary, tertiary structure and quaternary structures (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins; enzymes. Hormones - Elementary idea excluding structure.

• Vitamins - Classification and functions. 

• Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA.

How to Complete the CBSE Chemistry Syllabus Class 12 Before the Board Exams?

Completing the CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25 PDF before the board exams requires effective planning and consistent effort. Here are some steps to help you achieve this:

• Review the Syllabus: Begin by thoroughly reviewing the CBSE Chemistry Class 12 Syllabus for the academic year 2024-25. Familiarize yourself with all the topics and subtopics included in the syllabus.

• Create a Study Schedule: Develop a realistic study schedule that allocates sufficient time for each topic based on its weightage and complexity. Break down the syllabus into smaller, manageable segments and assign specific time slots for studying each section.

• Prioritise Topics: Identify the topics that require more attention or those you find challenging. Prioritise these topics in your study schedule and allocate more time to understand and practice them thoroughly.

• Utilize Resources: Make use of various resources such as textbooks, reference books, online tutorials, and educational websites to enhance your understanding of the concepts. Refer to CBSE Class 12 Chemistry NCERT textbooks as they align closely with the syllabus.

• Practice Regularly: Practice solving numerical problems, chemical equations, and theoretical questions regularly to reinforce your understanding of the concepts. Solve previous years' question papers and sample papers to familiarize yourself with the exam pattern and question format.

• Seek Clarification: Do not hesitate to seek clarification from your teachers or classmates if you encounter any doubts or difficulties while studying. Clearing doubts promptly will help you progress smoothly through the syllabus.

• Stay Organised: Keep your study materials well-organised and maintain a clean study environment to minimize distractions. Use tools such as notes, flashcards, and mind maps to aid in revision and retention of information.

• Monitor Progress: Regularly assess your progress by reviewing the topics covered and evaluating your performance in practice tests and mock exams. Adjust your study schedule if necessary to ensure timely completion of the syllabus.

• Stay Consistent: Stay committed to your study schedule and maintain consistency in your efforts. Avoid procrastination and strive to adhere to the study plan you have set for yourself.

• Take Breaks and Relax: Remember to take regular breaks to avoid burnout and maintain mental freshness. Engage in relaxation techniques such as meditation, exercise, or hobbies to rejuvenate your mind and stay focused.

Conclusion:

The updated CBSE Chemistry Class 12 Syllabus for the academic year 2024-25, developed by Vedantu in alignment with the NCERT guidelines, provides students with a comprehensive and structured approach to studying Chemistry. The Chemistry Syllabus Class 12 covers a wide range of topics and concepts, emphasizing both theoretical understanding and practical applications. By following the syllabus guidelines, students can gain a deep understanding of Chemistry and develop essential laboratory skills. Access to the NCERT syllabus and its valuable insights into the examination pattern and question paper design further enhances exam preparation. With dedicated effort and systematic study, students can excel in the CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Board Exam and achieve success in their academic journey.