NEET Important Questions Breathing and Exchange of Gas
FAQs on Breathing and Exchange of Gases NEET Questions (Biology)
1. Is the chapter on Breathing and Exchange of gases important for the NEET exam?
Around 2-3 questions are asked every year in the NEET exam. So, yes, the chapter of Breathing and Exchange of gases is important with regard to the NEET exam and it must be read thoroughly. This chapter forms an important part of Human Physiology. The basic concepts can be read from the NCERT book of Class 11th itself and attempting previous year questions will add the much-needed confidence in the candidates.
2. How does an exchange of gases take place in the lungs?
The respiratory system performs the primary function of inhalation of oxygen and exhalation of carbon dioxide. The process of breathing involves the processes of inhalation and exhalation. During this gaseous exchange, oxygen moves from the lungs to the bloodstream. Simultaneously, the carbon dioxide passes from the blood to the lungs. This happens in the vessels called alveoli in the lungs. A network of tiny blood vessels called capillaries is located in the walls of the alveoli. The walls of the alveoli and the capillaries are extremely close. So, oxygen and carbon dioxide move freely between the respiratory system and the bloodstream.
3. Why does the gaseous exchange take place easily in the lungs?
We inhale oxygen from the air in the blood. Then we remove waste carbon dioxide from the blood into the air. This is called gas exchange.
Features of the alveoli:
The alveoli make the gas exchange in the lungs happen smoothly and efficiently. Here are the features of the alveoli that allow this:
these give lungs a big surface area
they have moist and thin walls
they have many tiny blood vessels called capillaries
The gases move by diffusion. They move a highly concentrated area to an area of lower concentration.
4. What are alveoli?
Very tiny air sacs at the end of the bronchioles are called alveoli. The alveoli are where the lungs and the blood exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide during the process of inhalation and exhalation. The oxygen that we inhale passes through the alveoli and goes into the blood and travels to the tissues throughout the body. Carbon dioxide travels in the blood from the body's tissues and passes through the alveoli to be exhaled.
5. What is the difference between the blood vessels -capillaries and veins?
The capillaries are extremely thin blood vessels that connect the arteries and the veins. They allow oxygen, carbon dioxide and waste products to pass from the tissue cells whereas veins are blood vessels that take deoxygenated blood back to the heart. These vessels become larger as they get closer to the heart. The superior vena cava brings oxygenated blood from the head and arms to the heart. On the other hand, the inferior vena cava brings blood from the abdomen and legs to the heart.