CBSE Class 12 Biology Chapter-13 Important Questions - Free PDF Download
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FAQs on Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Biology Chapter 13 - Organism and Population 2024-25
1. What are the topics covered in Chapter 10 Class 12 Biology?
Ans: The topics covered in Chapter 10 Microbes in Human Welfare of Class 12 Biology are-
Introduction
Microbes in Household Products
Microbes in Industrial Products
Fermented Beverages
Antibiotics
Enzymes, Chemicals and other Bioactive Molecules
Microbes in Sewage Treatment
Microbes in Production of Gas
Microbes as Biocontrol Agents
Microbes as Biofertilizers
Summary
Check out important questions of Chapter 10 Microbes in Human Welfare on Vedantu website and app. Here, you will also find notes, summaries of all the concepts and textbook questions in easy language which can be downloaded free of cost so that you can understand these things better.
2. Give proof that micro-organisms release gases during chemical reactions.
Ans: There are several activities that prove that microorganisms release gases during chemical reactions or metabolism. Some of the examples to prove this statement is-
The dough which is used to make foods like idli, dosa is fermented by microorganisms like bacteria. These bacterias are responsible for giving a puffed-up appearance to the dough. The dough puffs up due to the production of carbon dioxide.
The dough which is prepared for making bread, biscuits is fermented by yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae).
The large holes in Swiss Cheese are produced due to carbon dioxide. This gas is released during the process of fermentation. The bacteria that is responsible for generating carbon dioxide in Swiss Cheese is Propionibacterium shermanii.
3. Write some edible products that involve microbes.
Ans: Microbes are used to make various edible products through the process of fermentation.
Fermentation is a process in which microorganisms convert complex organic compounds into simpler substances such as alcohol and organic acids.
Food products made with microbes include bread, dosa, idli, upma, etc.
Bread is made with wheat or refined flour, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) is added to carry out fermentation.
Dosa, idli, upma are made by fermenting black gram and rice with Streptococcus and Leuconostoc species of bacteria.
Fermented food products are not only tasty but also have health benefits as they are rich in probiotics which are good for gut health.
4. How are microbes used as biofertilizers?
Ans: Microbes are used as biofertilizers. The main sources of biofertilizers include microorganisms like bacteria, cyanobacteria and fungi. They are cheaper as compared to chemical-based fertilizers. These biofertilizers are further used in agricultural fields to decrease dependence on pesticides and chemical fertilizers for growing crops. They provide essential nutrients to plants for growth and development. For example- Rhizobium (bacteria) provides nitrogen to leguminous plants. Cyanobacteria fix sulphur for plant growth, etc.
5. How do fertilizers help to boost the fertility of soil?
Ans: Biofertilizers help to boost the fertility of the soil in the following ways-
Bacterias like Rhizobium and cyanobacteria help to replenish the soil with nutrients like nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus, iron, etc, that might have been lost due to excessive uptake by plants.
They help to add various micronutrients and macronutrients to the soil through natural processes like sulphur fixation and nitrogen fixation.
They help to convert organic waste into humus. This humus enriches the soil with nutrients.
Biofertilizers act as scavengers to decompose dead and decaying matter and add essential nutrients to the soil.
For more information on Chapter 10, Class 12, visit Vedantu website (vedantu.com).