Important Questions for CBSE Class 9 Science Chapter 7 - Diversity in Living Organisms

1 Marks Questions

1. In which Kingdom will you place an organism that is single-celled, eukaryotic, and photosynthetic?

Ans: Kingdom protista

2. Which division among the plants has the simplest organisms?

Ans: Division thallophyta has the simplest organism.

3. The lowest category of classification is-

(a) phylum

(b) genus

(c) species

(d) family

Ans: (C) species is the lowest category of classification.

4. Prokaryotic organisms are found in the Kingdom.

(a) protista

(b) fungi

(C) Monera

(d) plantar

Ans: (c) Monera. It is a Kingdom where prokaryotic organisms are found.

5. Which of the following structures are characteristics of reptiles but not of amphibians?

(a) scales

(b) lungs

(c) smooch moist skin

(d) vertebral column

Ans: (a) scales. These are present in reptiles but not in amphibians:

6. Water vascular system is characteristic of.

(a) porifera

(b) mollusca

(c) echinodermata

(d) presence of haemocoel

Ans: (c) Echinodermata has a water vascular system.

7. Which one of the following is not the exclusive trait of arthropods?

(a) presence of wings

(b) jointed appendages

(c) chitinous exoskeleton

(d) presence of hemocoel

Ans: (a) The presence of wings is not the exclusive trait of arthropods.

8. Pinus is a _______ plant.

(a) bryophytic

(b) gymnospermous

(c) pteridophytic

(d) angiosperms

Ans: (b) gymnospermous plant.

9. Well defined nucleus is absent in-

(a) blue-green algae

(b) diatoms

(c) algae

(d) Yeast

Ans: (a) blue-green algae do not have well-defined nuclei.

10. Which is the simplest of the following many-celled animals?

(a) sponge

(b) hydra

(c) starfish

(d) jellyfish

Ans: (a) the sponge is the simplest.

11. Which one is not a flightless bird?

(a) kiwi

(b) ostrich

(c) penguin

(d) dove

Ans: (d) dove is not a flightless bird.

12. Which phylum contains the greatest number of species in animals?

(a) sponges

(b) molluscs

(c) arthropods

(d) chordates.

Ans: (c) arthropods contain the greatest number of species of animals.

13. Pteridophyta do not have--

(a) root

(b) stem

(c) flower

(d) leaves

Ans: (c) flowers are not present in pteridophytes.

14. Who is known as the father of taxonomy?

(a) Linnaeus

(b) Darwin

(c) Mendel

(d) Watson

Ans: (a) Linnaeus is known as the father of taxonomy.

15. Presence of diaphragm is the characteristic feature of--

(a) amphibian

(b) reptile

(c) mammals

(d) Pisces

Ans: (c) mammals have diaphragm

16. The branch of biology dealing with classification is known as--

(a) physiology

(b) taxonomy

(c) paleontology

(d) mycology

Ans: (b) taxonomy is the branch of biology which deals with classification.

17. Which of the following characteristics does not apply to fungi?

(a) non-green

(b) saprophytic or parasitic

(c) autotrophic

(d) heterotrophic

Ans: (c) Autotrophic is a characteristic that does not apply to fungi.

18. Which of the following is not a criterion for the classification of living organisms?

(a) the body design of an organism

(b) ability to produce one's own food

(c) membrane-bound nucleus and cell organelles

(d) height to the plant

Ans: (d) height to the plant is not a criterion for the classification of living organisms.

2 Marks Questions

1. Why do we classify organisms?

Ans: Organisms exist in large numbers on the earth. So it is not possible to study each variety of life forms.

Hence, we make different groups or different categories of organisms according to their similarities and dissimilarities with other living organisms. It helps for the easier and systematic study of a variety of life forms.

2. Give three examples of the range of variation that you can see in life from around you.

Ans: (A) Variation in their size - In our surroundings, some organisms are very small in their size as we cannot see them with our naked eyes such as microorganisms whereas some organisms are very big in their size such as blue whales.

(B) Variation in a number of cells or cell type - Some organisms have single cells which perform all the functions. These are known as prokaryotic cells such as bacteria. On the other hand, there are some organisms that have organized cells into tissues, organs, organs systems. These are known as eukaryotic cells such as human beings.

(C) Variation in the mode of nutrition - Plants make their own food and are hence known as autotrophs. While some organisms depend on other organisms for the purpose of food and are known as heterotrophs.

3. Which do you think is a more basic characteristic for classifying organisms?

(A) the place where they live.

(B) the kind of cells they are made of and why?

Ans: The classification of organisms on the basis of the kind of cell they are made of is a more basic characteristic. Because the organism belonging to the prokaryotic group will have their different structure and functional pattern from the eukaryotic group hence it is easy to classify organisms.

On the other hand, the classification of organisms on the basis of the place where they live is difficult because by living in the same habitat they hardly share any features. Like wale starfish October fishes, all are aquatic but they do not have the same features.

4. What is the primary characteristic on which the first division of organisms is made?

Ans: The form and functions of the organism is the primary characteristic on which the first division of organisms is made.

5. On what basis does the plant and animal put into different categories?

Ans: Plants and animals are put into different categories on the basis of their mode of nutrition.

6. Which organisms are called primitive and how are they different from the so-called advanced organisms?

Ans: Primitive organisms are organisms that possess simple structure and body design and they also haven't changed must even after a long period of evolution on earth such as bacteria who are single-celled i.e. Prokaryotic. Whereas in advanced organisms there is complex body design and structure such as humans and, animals.

7. Will advanced organisms be the same as complex organisms? why?

Ans: Yes, advanced organisms are the same as complex organisms. The advancement in advanced organisms has occurred by evolution. The simple organism changes itself into a complex organism for its better survival.

8. What is the criterion for the classification of organisms as belonging to Kingdom Monera or Protista?

Ans: Cell structure is the criteria used for the classification of organisms as belonging to Kingdom Monera or Protista.

The organisms belonging to both Monera or Protista are single-celled or unicellular organisms. But in Monera, a well-defined nucleus is not present i.e. the cell is prokaryotic and on the other hand in the Protista nucleus is well defined i.e. the cell is eukaryotic.

9. In the hierarchy of classification, which grouping will have the smallest number of organisms with a maximum of characteristics in common and which will have the largest number of organisms?

Ans: Species have the smallest number of organisms with the maximum of characteristics in common and kingdoms have the largest number of organisms with common characteristics.

10. How are pteridophytes different from phanerogams?

Ans: Pteridophytes are the plants that develop naked embryos and they do not produce seeds. Phanerogams are plants that produce seeds like gymnosperms and angiosperms.

11. How are gymnosperms and angiosperms different from each other?

Ans: The differences between gymnosperms and angiosperms are:

12. How are the criteria for deciding division in plants different from the criteria for deciding the subgroup among animals?

Ans: Criteria for deciding division in plants are different from the criteria for deciding the subgroup among animals because animals are classified into subgroups according to their level of body organization (ie. cellular, tissue, organ grade), body cavity, symmetry, and by the presence or absence of notochord, etc.

13. Explain how animals in vertebrates are classified into further subgroups?

Ans: Animals in vertebrates are classified on the basis of development of the neuron system, circulatory system, reproductive method, etc.

14. Name two egg-laying mammals?

Ans: Platypus and echidna are the two egg-laying mammals.

15. Mention the features of vertebrates?

Ans: Some of the features of vertebrates are given below:

(A) tubular, dorsal, hollow nerve cord is present.

(B) the notochord is a solid, rod-like structure present at the same stage.

(C) a post-anal tail is present. (It may be absent or reduced in many adult chordates)

16. Give the technical name of the following-

(A) pea

Ans: Pisum sativum

(B) potato

Ans: potato-- Solanum tuberosum

(C) tiger

Ans: tiger-- Panthera tigris

(D) humans

Ans:  humans-- Homo sapiens

17. How are pteridophytes different from Phanerogams?

Ans: Hidden reproductive organs are present in pteridophytes. External flowers or seeds are not present.

While in Phanerogams reproductive organs are well developed and they produce seeds.

18. Define sporophyte and gametophyte.

Ans: Sporophyte-- It has the diploid phase which is (2n) and they are spores producing.

Gametophyte-- It has the haploid phase which is (n) and for sexual reproduction they produce gametes.

19. What is an alternation of generation?

Ans: When the two-phase alternates i.e. sporophytic diploid 2n phase alternates to the gametophytic haploid n phase or vice versa to complete their life cycle is known as alternation of generation like Obelia and fern etc.

20. What is binomial nomenclature? Who proposed it?

Ans: Binomial nomenclature consist of two components i.e. the first component is the genus and the second is species is known as binomial nomenclature. The scientist named Carl Von Linnaeus proposed it.

21. Statement two characteristic features of animals.

Ans: (A) The mode of nutrition is heterotrophic in animals and they are multicellular organisms.

(B) They possess a nervous system and also show locomotion.

22. Name the group of plants with the following characters:

(A) plants without root, stem, leaf, and flower

Ans: (A) Thallophytes are the group of plants without root, stem, leaf, and flower.

(B) plants lacking chlorophyll.

Ans: Fungi in the group of plants lacking chlorophyll.

23. Name the various units of classification.

Ans: Species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, Kingdom are the units of classification.

24. Why are the bacteria and fungi classified among the plants?

Ans: Bacteria possess a cell wall and they are mostly nongreen in color so bacteria is kept under plants while fungi obtain nutrition from dead organic matter and it lacks chlorophyll and also fungi are immobile. So fungi are kept under plants.

25. Give the difference between Bony and cartilaginous fishes.

Ans: Skeleton is made up of bones in Bony fishes and cartilage skeleton is present in cartilaginous fishes.

26. In what respect do lichens unusual plants?

Ans: The symbiotic relation between algae and fungi is known as lichen. In the fungal mycelium, the algal cell grows where the alga makes the food by the process of photosynthesis while the fungus provides shelter.

27. Name two coelenterates with diagrams. How do poriferan animals differ from coelenterate animals?

Ans:

Two coelenterates are-- hydra and sea anemone

In poriferans cells are loosely packed hence they do not form tissue. These are simple multicellular and branched while in coelenterates one continuous Central cavity is present which is known as coelenteron.

28. Differentiate between the heart of fish and Birds?

Ans: Fishes have two-chambered hearts and birds have four-chambered hearts.

29. What is the difference between notochord and nerve cord?

Ans: The notochord is present in higher chordates ( animals). It is a solid but flexible rod-like structure. Which gives a vertebral column. While a solid and Hollow tube-like structure gives the brain and spinal cord is known as the nerve cord.

3 Marks Questions

1. How do poriferan animals differ from coelenterate animals?

Ans:  The differences between poriferan and coelenterate are:

2. How are annelid animals different from arthropods?

Ans: The difference between annelids and arthropods are:

3. What is the difference between amphibians and reptiles? 

Ans: Differences between amphibians and reptiles are:

4. What is the difference between animals belonging to the Aves group and those in the mammalian group?

Ans: Differences between aves and mammals:

5. What are the advantages of classifying organisms?

Ans: A large number of species exist on the earth and it is not possible to study each and every variety of organisms. So the scientist made groups of organisms according to their similarities and dissimilarities and separated them accordingly, hence it is easy to study them.

6. How would you choose between two characteristics to be used for developing a hierarchy in classification?

Ans: Structure and function are the two categories to be used for developing a hierarchy from one level to the next level. Eg. Arthropods have jointed appendages. On the other hand in arthropods, insects and spiders make separate groups having characteristics to define them. Hence we can select the general to specific characters for the hierarchy in classification.

7. Explain the basis for grouping organisms into five kingdoms.

Ans: (A) on the basis of cell type ie. prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell.

(B) the organism may have a multicellular life form or it has a single-celled body.

(C)some organisms prepare their own food and some may depend upon other organisms for the purpose of food.

8. What are the major divisions in the Plantae? What is the basis for these divisions?

Ans: 

• Thallophyta-- Plant body without root, stem, and leaf.

• Bryophyta-- Rhizoids are present ie. root-like structures. But there is a lack of vascular tissue.

• Pteridophyta-- For the conduction, they develop vascular tissue but there is a lack of seeds.

• Gymnosperms-- Naked seeds are developed and there is a lack of flowers.

• Angiosperms-- Flowers are produced from the seeds which are curved inside the fruits.
  
  

9. What is the basis of grouping organisms into five kingdoms?

Ans: (A) They are classified according to their cell structure

(B) They are classified by the mode and source of Nutrition.

(C) They are classified according to their body organization.

10. Define the following terms:

(A) bilateral symmetry

Ans: In bilateral symmetry, we can divide the body into two similar halves only by one plane that passes through the center. Example: humans:

(B) coelom

Ans:  Coelom is the body cavity that is lined by a regular layer of mesoderm and blind externally also.

(C) triploblastic

Ans: Development of body of an animal from three germ layers ie. Ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm, are known as triploblastic.

11. Differentiate monocot and dicot plants.

Ans: Differences between monocots and dicots are given below:

12. Write characteristics of angiosperms.

Ans: Characteristics of angiosperms are given below:

(A) These are known as the dominant group of land plants and these are the most common flowering plants.

(B) These are the plants that bear seeds and the seeds are enclosed inside the fruit which is formed from the ovary.

(C) Carpel is present as megasporophyll in gymnosperms and is differentiated into stigma, style, and ovary.

(D) The stigma causing pollination by receiving the pollen grain.

(E) After the process of fertilization, the ovules convert into seeds and the ovary develops into a fruit.

13. What are the main characteristics of Mammalia?

Ans: Some of the main characteristics of Mammalia are:

(A) These are found in all types of habitats, mostly terrestrial.

(B) Varied shape body is present which is divisible into the head, neck, trunk, and tail.

(C) They have sweat glands and the body skin is covered with hair.

(D) They produce milk to nourish their young ones.

(E) Lungs are the only respiratory organ

(F) Four-chambered heart is present.

14. Describe the general characteristics of gymnosperms.

Ans: Some of the general characteristics of gymnosperms are:

(A) Erect, aerial branched or unbranched stem is present.

(B) Dimorphic leaves are usually present ie. Two types of leaves are present on a plant.

(C) Seeds of the plants are naked

(D) Both male and female reproductive organs are compactly arranged around the central axis to form the male cone and female cone respectively.

15. What is classification? What is the need for classification? What is the basis of classification?

Ans: Classification is the process of making groups of categories of the organism on the basis of their similarities and differences.

Need of classification:- It is not easy to study each and every variety of organisms because they are present in large numbers so it is easy to study them in a group or category.

The basis of classification is the cell structure mode and source of nutrition and body organization.

16. Observe the figure given below and answer the following question.

(A) Which of the following animals are invertebrates? Underline them.

Ans: Animals labeled as A, B, and D are invertebrates.

(B) Name the underlined animals.

Ans: A - amoeba, B - starfish, C - hydra.

(C) Give two important characteristics of underline animals.

Ans: 

1. Amoeba:- (a) Uninitiated

(b) Pseudopodia is used for locomotion.

2. Starfish:- (a) Radially symmetrical body is present.

(b) In water, a modified body cavity is present i.e. discrete system with the elastic tube.

3. Hydra:- (a) Tentacles are present in the mouth surrounding which helps in feeding.

(b) Organs are absent like respiratory circulatory and excretory.

17. Write characteristics of Aves.

Ans: Some of the characteristics of aves are given below:

(A) A feather-covered body is present which is divided into head, neck, and tail.

(B) Bipedal birds at present. For flight, the forelimbs are modified into wings.

(C) Teeth are not present and the mouth is surrounded by a beak.

(D) The long bones are hollow and contain the ear cavity so the skeleton is light.

(E) Air sacs are present in the lungs by which respiration occurs.

(F) Four chambered hearts are present.

18. You are given an assortment of plants on the laboratory table. What characteristics will you look for in order to label a particular specimen as--

(A) angiosperm (B) moss (c) algae ( d) fungi ( e) gymnosperms.

Ans: (A) angiosperms are flowering plants.

 (B) Rhizoids are present and leaves and roots are absent.

(C) Pigments are present and stem, root, leaves are absent.

(D) Fungi are made up of hyphae and are non-green.

(E) Nakad seeds are present ie. Seeds are not enclosed in fruit

19. What are the major divisions of the kingdom Plantae? What is the basis of their division? 

Ans: Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, gymnosperms, and angiosperms are the major division of the kingdom Plantae. The basis of their divisions are- 

(A) multicellular, eukaryotic, and green autotrophs are the organisms that are present.

(B) there is a further classification of green plants on the basis of differentiation of their plant body.

(C) plant body has vascular tissue or not in the second level of classification and the further classification is based on:- 

1. seeds are present or absent. 

2. seeds are inside the fruit or naked.

20. Write characteristics of kingdom Animalia.

Ans: Characteristics of Animalia are:

(A) Animalia the eukaryotic organism ie. is a multicellular organism.

(B) They do not have photosynthetic pigments so they are heterotrophic.

(C) Cell walls are not present.

(D) They have the power of locomotion.

(E) Nervous system is present in most animals which helps them to coordinate their body action and response.

(F) They undergo sexual reproduction in which animals produce haploid male and female gametes.

21. Name the group of plants known as" amphibian of the plant world." Mention their three important characteristics.

Ans: The plant that lives on land, as well as in water, is known as the amphibian of the plant kingdom. Bryophytes are classified as amphibiAns:

Characteristics are:-

(A) Either a thallus or a leaf-like plant body is present.

(B) Lacks true leaves and roots.

(C) Plants are autotrophic. They have green plant bodies.

(D) Vascular tissues are not present.

22. Give three points of how birds have adapted themselves to an aerial mode of life.

Ans: Following are the adaptations birds have made to live aerial mode of life:

(A) they have a feather-covered body.

(B) wings are modified from forelimbs.

(C) bones are light because they are Hollow which helps them in flight.

23. Give the difference between vertebrates and invertebrates.

Ans: Differences between vertebrates and invertebrates:

Important Questions Class 9 Science Chapter 7

Chapter 7 - Diversity in Living Organisms - Summary

Topics covered in the chapter diversity in the living organisms are - Diversity in the living organisms, Basis of classification, classification and evolution, Hierarchy of classification, Plantae, and Animalia.

When different organisms stay in the same ecosystem or geographical location is known as diversity. It helps to balance the ecosystem in a balanced way. And evolution is a slow process, in these organisms change according to their needs to survive in the environment they stay in.

Evolution results in the formation of new organisms and it also helps in the diversity of the organisms in the ecosystem.

The branch of science which deals with the classification of organisms is known as taxonomy. The hierarchy of classification in organisms is arranged into groups according to their similarities. And as we go on a higher level of the hierarchy, organisms will have lesser similarities. The taxonomic hierarchy is of the following order kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species.

Nomenclature - Carolus Linnaeus is a known, physician and botanist, who is called the ‘Father of taxonomy’. Binomial nomenclature was introduced by him and he laid some of the basic rules, which paved way for modern taxonomy. Binomial nomenclature is the method of naming organisms in taxonomy and it consists of two parts. The first part of binomial nomenclature is species and the second part is a genus.

Five Kingdoms of Classification - This classification is the most accepted system of classification given by R.H.Whittaker. Five kingdoms of classification help to solve many problems related to the placement of bacteria and fungi. The five kingdoms of this classification are Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.

Conclusion

The diversity in living organisms class 9 important questions provides a fully solved solution to all the questions. Referring to these important questions will save the students time during their exam preparation. And those questions and solutions are designed in such a way that, it improves the student’s confidence by solving them. If students go through all the Chapter 7 Science Class 9 extra questions and important questions, they can easily score good marks in the board examinations.

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