Delhi Sultans Class 7 Notes History Chapter 3 - PDF Download
FAQs on Delhi Sultans Class 7 Notes CBSE History Chapter 3 (Free PDF Download)
1. Explain the administrative challenges of Ala-ud-din Khalji.
Even though Ala-ud-din Khalji was a great ruler, he also had to face several administrative challenges. Let's see what those challenges were and how he overcame them.
During the tenure of Ala-ud-din Khalji, Delhi was attacked by the enemies two times. Once it was in 1299, next, it was in 1302. But he was ever ready with a standard and a strong army.
For the convenience of army people, Ala-ud-din Khalji constructed a new town called Siri.
For feeding the army, Ala-ud-din Khalji had charged taxes on houses, cattle, cultivation. This tax amount was paid to the army in the form of salaries.
The army people used this salary to purchase food and groceries. But this led to the rise in prices of groceries by the merchants.
So, Ala-ud-din Khalji kept strict rules on the prices of groceries, and the merchants could not exceed them. This led to a successful Administration of Ala-ud-din khalji after facing many challenges.
2. Describe the challenges of Tughlaqs.
Similar to Ala-ud-din Khalji, the Tughluq also faced several challenges. But he came with a new strategy. Instead of constructing a new garrison town, Tughluq had evacuated four old cities of Delhi after renovation. He kept additional taxes for feeding the military and introduced a token amount to get control over the prices. He did not keep any rules for controlling prices. Even though Tughluq tried several things to protect his army and country, nothing gave him fruitful results. Tughluq remained a failure, especially in administration.
3. Write a brief note on the administration of Delhi Sultanate provinces under the Tughlaqs and the Khaljis.
There were territories or land of various sizes known as iqtas. Military commanders were appointed as the governors of these territories. The landholders of these territories were called iqtadars or muqtis and they provided military services to the Delhi Sultan. In return, revenue from these lands was collected by these iqtadars and they could keep a part of it as their salary. Soldiers were paid by them from these revenues only. To check how much revenue was collected by the muqtis, accountants were appointed by the state. The kings also forced the samanta aristocrats to accept their authority. For a detailed explanation about the chapter, visit Vedantu website (vedantu.com).
4. Explain the types of taxes that were levied on the people during the rule of the Delhi Sultan.
During the rule of the Delhi Sultan, revenue was generated by collecting taxes from the people. Three types of taxes were levied on the people. The first one is known as “kharaj’ which refers to the tax levied on the crops. Under this, about 50 percent of the peasants’ produce was collected. The second tax was levied on cattle and finally, the third tax was levied on the houses. To revise the chapter students can download the NCERT Notes for Class 7 Social Science Chapter 3 free of cost from the vedantu website (vedantu.com).
5. What was the difference between the administrative system of Alauddin Khilji and Muhammad Tughluq?
There are many differences between the administrative system of Alauddin Khilji and Muhammad Tughluq. Some of the important differences include,
Firstly, under the rule of Alauddin Khilji, the administrative system was quite successful while under the rule of Mohammad Tughluq, it was a failure.
Alauddin Khilji’s reign was praised by the chroniclers for his implementation of cheap prices and efficient supplies of goods in the market. But, shifting of people to Daulatabad created complications under Mohammad Tughluq’s system and the raising of taxes was resented, which further led to the widespread of rebellion.
Finally, Alauddin Khilji successfully withstood the Mongol invasion threat. The 'token' currency was recalled under Mohammad Tughluq’s system. To understand more about Chapter 3 Class 7 History, visit Vedantu app.
6. State the conditions under which Delhi became an important commercial centre.
Under the rule of Tomara Rajputs, Delhi first became a capital kingdom. But, in the twelfth century, the Chahamans from Ajmer defeated Tomara Rajputs. Under their rule, Delhi, which was a capital kingdom, became a commercial centre. Many rich merchants who were known as Jaina merchants lived in the city. Several temples were constructed by them. Coins known as dehliwal minted here were very popular and had a wide circulation.
7. Why do you think Barani criticised Sultan Muhammed Tughluq?
A fourteenth century chronicler, Ziauddin barani criticized Sultan Muhammed Tughluq for the following reason. Tughluq had appointed Firuj Hajjam who was a barber, Aziz Khummar who was a wine distiller, Manka Tabbakh who was a cook and two gardeners Ladhs and Pira to high administrative posts. Ziauddin Barani had reported these appointments made by the Sultan Tughluq as a sign of his loss of political judgement and his incapacity to rule.