Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Notes CBSE Maths Chapter 15 (Free PDF Download)

Plane Figures and Solid Shapes:

• Plane figures are flat or $2$-Dimension figures, they have no thickness.  

• For example: Squares, rectangles, circles, triangles etc. 

• Solid Shapes are $3$-Dimension shapes, and they occupy space and have volume.

• For example: Cube, cuboid, sphere, cone, hemisphere etc.

Faces, Edges and Vertices of $3D$ Shapes:

• A $3D$ shapes is not flat therefore it has $3$ dimensions and these are faces, edges, and vertices.

• Faces: It is simply the face of a $3D$ shape or the flat surface of the $3D$ shape

• For example: The number of faces of a cube is $6$.

• Edges: They are the line segments which join one vertex to another vertex. 

• For example – Edges in a cylinder are $2$ and are shown below.

• Vertices: Points where two or more edges meet between faces are known vertices of any $3D$ shape or the corners of $3D$ shape. 

• For example: The cube has $8$ vertices and is shown below

Net for building $3D$ Shapes:

• Net is used for making $3D$ shapes.

• It is a basic skeleton outline in $2$-Dimensions i.e., it is a flat $3$-Dimensional shape which can be folded and joined together with the help of glue.

• Nets for building some shapes are shown below

Drawing Solids on a Flat Surface: 

• There are two ways of drawing solids on a flat surface

1. Oblique Sketches:

• It is an easy way of representing the $3D$ objects in pictorial form. 

• These sketches are intended to show the perspective of $3D$ object and are drawn on a sheet by freehand.

• It does not talk about the measurement of $3D$ object

• Oblique sketch of cube is shown below

2. Isometric Sketches: 

• It is also the pictorial representation of a $3D$ objects, but it also meets with measurements of the $3D$ object to be drawn.

• It is drawn on isometric sheets.

• Isometric sketch of cube is shown below and the dotted sheet on which the sketch is made is known as isometric sheet

Viewing Different Sections of a Solid

• There are many methods to view different sections of a solid.

1. Slicing and Cutting: It gives the cross-sectional view of a solid. 

2. Shadow Casting: It gives $2D$ view of an $3D$ object.

3. Viewing Solid from Different Angle: The front-view, the side-view and the top-view are the most common ways to view a solid; it can provide a lot of information about the shape.

• For example: The different view of a building is shown below

Chapter Summary - Visualising Solid Shapes

"Visualising Solid Shapes," Class 7 Maths, unveils the magic of three-dimensional wonders. From cubes to cones, this chapter invites students to explore and understand the secrets of solid shapes. Concepts like edges, vertices, and faces come to life as students embark on a journey to visualise and recognise these shapes in everyday objects. Through simple explanations and relatable examples, the chapter transforms abstract geometry into tangible knowledge. As students delve into the world of "Visualising Solid Shapes," they discover the beauty of spatial thinking, making learning a captivating adventure into the realm of cubes, spheres, and the geometry that surrounds us.

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