Status of Women in India Essay: The Evolving Role of Women in Society

“The greatest indicator of a society progression is the status of women that holds it up”

The topic presented had two very strong words as subject, Status, and Women. Before we move in further, let us set the premises for status. Broadly speaking, status denotes the influence and prestige a person holds in relation to another person in a social hierarchy of some worth. When we talk about culture as diversified as India holds, the status of women has a lot of dimensions that can be explored.

Earlier, the status of women in India was considered to be inferior when compared to men. They were given higher status in scriptures and were idolized as the perfect homemakers in the world. Women possess incomparable qualities like a calm mind, the strength to overcome any emotional challenge, and handle the toughest situation with ease and optimism. Women keep their families intact and act as the thread which joins all the differences and people together. They are worshiped as goddesses in the name of Durga, Parvati, Kali, and Saraswati.

As times changed, the status of women too changed and reached higher standards. The recent population census conducted by the Government of India, the ratio of women and men in our country is 933 females to every 1000 males. 

History

Going back to our ancient roots, we have seen how important women are to society, not just biologically but also as a cultural influence and in that context, women have always held a very significant place in our country. That history has a blend of both good and bad factors, but it has always been significant.

Earlier, women were referred to be the caretakers of the house. It was believed and passed on to others that women are supposed to get married, take care of the house and their in-laws, and also sacrifice all their dreams to fulfill the dreams of her husband and children. Nobody realized or even thought about the dreams and aspirations of women. There was no one to think about the upliftment or betterment of women as everyone thought that the males were the ones who ruled the world and where the head of the family. Women were also expected to make efficient use of the monthly budget so that everything is bought at the most optimum rates and all the expenses are met in the most economical manner.

No matter how hard the situation would be, women were expected to bear it all without uttering a single word. They had to obey whatever was said by the in-laws and other family members but were never included in any decision making of the family. They had to take care of the elders in the family and nurture the children without the help of anyone. They were not allowed to be ambitious and pursue any career. All their ambitions were considered to be vague. Also, the women remained isolated from education as the families back then thought that only the boys deserved to be educated and pursue their dreams. Women were married off at a very early age and sometimes also without their consent. There were only a handful of families which went against this practice and educated their daughters so that they can also live the life they deserve. 

These women who got the freedom to education from their families, turned out to be the path setters for other women to follow. They were the ones who became an inspiration for other women and motivated them to follow their ambitions as well. They brought about a change for the betterment of the status of women in Indian Society.

From ancient times, we have seen the mention of women in our Vedas and ancient scriptures where they have been allotted important places for e.g., no yajna was complete unless accompanied by women. The texts Mahabharat and Ramayana greatly reflect the place women had at different points of time. As mentioned earlier, India has a very diverse geography and geography is often very influential in dictating culture, we can see women holding different places in society from household activities in Rajasthan to Traders in Sikkim and North East India, and in between, we see women involved in various professions and competing alongside men in a multitude of fields such as Technology, Law, Administration, Teaching etc. Apart from conventional careers, we have women excelling in sports where P.T. Usha, Sania Mirza, Karnam Malleshwari etc.  who have represented and inspired many budding sportswomen in India. Moving on we can see that women have been a great influence on the art and entertainment industry since the very beginning, and we have had cultural icons in various schools of art ranging from Meera to Lata Mangeshkar.

The government has brought several public schemes, reservations, and commissions to further strengthen the position of women in India. Some of the schemes are mentioned below - 

• Beti Bachao Beti Padhao

• Women Helpline Scheme

• One stop center scheme

• UJJAWALA

• SWADHAR Greh

• Nari Shakti Puraskar

• Nirbhaya

• Mahila Police Volunteers

• Mahila Shakti Kendras (MSK)

Despite the heritage and modern progression, there is a lot that needs to be done. From the age of Manu till today, women have been subject to a lot of demeaning practices, societal negligence and customs designed to confine them and often treated as commodities rather than a human. Child Marriage, Sati, Casual dismissal of opinion and many more. Just to put in perspective, Being a poor and low caste person in India is a very troubled existence, but to be a low caste, a poor woman in India is a very tragic existence which in many cases appears inhuman.

Just going by the numbers, the number of reported cases for Domestic Violence, Crimes of Sexual Nature, Domestic Violence, Child prostitution is alarming high. More than 60 % of girls in rural India quit school as soon as they start their menstrual cycle due to the social taboos and lack of access to hygiene products.

Affluent women from a stronger section of society also face a lot of challenges including eve-teasing, glass ceiling at work, Casual demeaning undertone in various conversation, lack of choice within the family, domestic violence, sexual assault by a close family member and many more.

Almost every woman has an account of molestation at different ages by someone they knew that has caused mental scar and trauma for an extended period. The biggest bane of society i.e. The Dowry System still prevails and has far-reaching implications such as female feticide, not spending on education, limiting her social interactions and impending with her basic rights to pursue a career and life of her choice.

The status of women in India has a lot of dimensions. It can give the illusion of being shiny and progressive from outside and in many cases, it is true that women are making great leaps, we have had lady heads of states in India. But just scratching the surface and we can see the dark, corroded roots that have held back women not just impeding their progress but also presenting uncountable challenges. One of the biggest problems women face when working on their status is the threat to their dignity from almost all sections of society and she must walk a very careful line in order to maintain that balance. I believe it's the responsibility of every person to treat women as a person, not some goddess, not a gatekeeper of family honor but as humans and only then can we work on enriching her status.

Conclusion

To conclude I would like to say that women play multiple roles in our society and status should be honored, respected and given a chance to attain higher status so that we as a society can attain even greater heights.