NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 5: Continuity and Differentiability - Exercise 5.4

Exercise 5.4

1. Differentiating the following w.r.t. \[x:\frac{{{e^x}}}{{\sin x}}\] 

Ans: 

Let $y = \frac{{{e^x}}}{{\sin x}}$ 

Now differentiating w.r.t. $x$ , we get

$\frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{{\sin x \times \tfrac{d}{{dx}}({e^x}) - {e^x} \times \tfrac{d}{{dx}}(\sin x)}}{{{{\sin }^2}x}}$ 

\[ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{{\sin x \times {e^x} - {e^x} \times \cos x}}{{{{\sin }^2}x}}\] 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{{{e^x}(\sin x - \cos x)}}{{{{\sin }^2}x}},x \ne n\pi ,n \in \mathbb{Z}$ 

2. Differentiating the following ${e^{{{\sin }^{ - 1}}x}}$ 

Ans: 

Let $y = {e^{{{\sin }^{ - 1}}x}}$ 

Now differentiating w.r.t. $x$ , we get

$\frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{d}{{dx}}\left( {{e^{{{\sin }^{ - 1}}x}}} \right)$ 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = {e^{{{\sin }^{ - 1}}x}} \times \frac{d}{{dx}}({\sin ^{ - 1}}x)$ 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = {e^{{{\sin }^{ - 1}}x}} \times \frac{1}{{\sqrt {1 - {x^2}} }}$ 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{{{e^{{{\sin }^{ - 1}}x}}}}{{\sqrt {1 - {x^2}} }},x \in ( - 1,1)$ 

3. Differentiating the following w.r.t. $x:{e^{{x^3}}}$ 

Ans: Let $y = {e^{{x^3}}}$ 

By using the quotient rule, we get

$\frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{d}{{dx}}\left( {{e^{{x^3}}}} \right)$ 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = {e^{{x^3}}} \times \frac{d}{{dx}}\left( {{x^3}} \right)$ 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = {e^{{x^3}}} \times 3{x^2}$ 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = 3{x^2}{e^{{x^3}}}$ 

4. Differentiating the following w.r.t. $x:\sin ({\tan ^{ - 1}}{e^{ - x}})$ 

Ans:

Let $y = \sin ({\tan ^{ - 1}}{e^{ - x}})$ 

By using the chain rule we get

\[\frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{d}{{dx}}\left[ {\sin ({{\tan }^{ - 1}}{e^{ - x}})} \right]\] 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \cos ({\tan ^{ - 1}}{e^{ - x}}) \times \frac{d}{{dx}}({\tan ^{ - 1}}{e^{ - x}})$ 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \cos ({\tan ^{ - 1}}{e^{ - x}}) \times \frac{1}{{1 + {{\left( {{e^{ - x}}} \right)}^2}}}\frac{d}{{dx}}({e^{ - x}})$ 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{{\cos ({{\tan }^{ - 1}}{e^{ - x}})}}{{1 + {{\left( {{e^{ - x}}} \right)}^2}}} \times {e^{ - x}} \times \frac{d}{{dx}}( - x)$ 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{{{e^{ - x}}\cos ({{\tan }^{ - 1}}{e^{ - x}})}}{{1 + {e^{ - 2x}}}} \times ( - 1)$ 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} =  - \frac{{{e^{ - x}}\cos ({{\tan }^{ - 1}}{e^{ - x}})}}{{1 + {e^{ - 2x}}}}$ 

5. Differentiating the following w.r.t. \[x:\log (\cos {e^x})\] 

Ans: 

Let $y = \log (\cos {e^x})$ 

By using the chain rule, we get

\[\frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{d}{{dx}}\left[ {\log (\cos {e^x})} \right]\] 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{1}{{\cos {e^x}}} \times \frac{d}{{dx}}\left( {\cos {e^x}} \right)$ 

\[ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{1}{{\cos {e^x}}} \times ( - \sin {e^x}) \times \frac{d}{{dx}}\left( {{e^x}} \right)\] 

\[ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} =  - \frac{{\sin {e^x}}}{{\cos {e^x}}} \times \left( {{e^x}} \right)\] 

\[ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} =  - {e^x}\tan {e^x},{e^x} \ne (2n + 1)\frac{\pi }{2},n \in \mathbb{N}\] 

6. Differentiating the following w.r.t. $x:{e^x} + {e^{{x^2}}} + ... + {e^{{x^5}}}$

Ans: 

Let $y = {e^x} + {e^{{x^2}}} + ... + {e^{{x^5}}}$ 

$\frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{d}{{dx}}\left( {{e^x} + {e^{{x^2}}} + ... + {e^{{x^5}}}} \right)$ 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{d}{{dx}}\left( {{e^x}} \right) + \frac{d}{{dx}}\left( {{e^{{x^2}}}} \right) + \frac{d}{{dx}}\left( {{e^{{x^3}}}} \right) + \frac{d}{{dx}}\left( {{e^{{x^4}}}} \right) + \frac{d}{{dx}}\left( {{e^{{x^5}}}} \right)$ 

\[ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = {e^x} + \left[ {{e^{{x^2}}}\frac{d}{{dx}}\left( {{x^2}} \right)} \right] + \left[ {{e^{{x^3}}}\frac{d}{{dx}}\left( {{x^3}} \right)} \right] + \left[ {{e^{{x^4}}}\frac{d}{{dx}}\left( {{x^4}} \right)} \right] + \left[ {{e^{{x^5}}}\frac{d}{{dx}}\left( {{x^5}} \right)} \right]\] 

\[ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = {e^x} + \left[ {{e^{{x^2}}} \times 2x} \right] + \left[ {{e^{{x^3}}} \times 3{x^2}} \right] + \left[ {{e^{{x^4}}} \times 4{x^3}} \right] + \left[ {{e^{{x^5}}} \times 5{x^4}} \right]\] 

\[ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = {e^x} + 2x{e^{{x^2}}} + 3{x^2}{e^{{x^3}}} + 4{x^3}{e^{{x^4}}} + 5{x^4}{e^{{x^5}}}\] 

7. Differentiating the following w.r.t. $x:\sqrt {{e^{\sqrt x }}} ,x > 0$ 

Ans: 

Let $y = \sqrt {{e^{\sqrt x }}} $ 

Then ${y^2} = {e^{\sqrt x }}$ 

By differentiating the above equation with respect to $x$ , we get

${y^2} = {e^{\sqrt x }}$ 

$ \Rightarrow 2y\frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = {e^{\sqrt x }}\frac{d}{{dx}}\left( {\sqrt x } \right)$      (By applying the chain rule)

$ \Rightarrow 2y\frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = {e^{\sqrt x }} \times \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{{\sqrt x }}$ 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{{{e^{\sqrt x }}}}{{4y\sqrt x }}$ 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{{{e^{\sqrt x }}}}{{4\sqrt {{e^{\sqrt x }}} \sqrt x }}$ 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{{{e^{\sqrt x }}}}{{4\sqrt {x{e^{\sqrt x }}} }},x > 0$ 

8. Differentiating the following w.r.t. $x:\log (\log x),x > 1$

Ans: 

Let $y = \log (\log x)$ 

By using the chain rule in the above equation, we get

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{d}{{dx}}\left[ {\log (\log x)} \right]$ 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{1}{{\log x}} \times \frac{d}{{dx}}(\log x)$ 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{1}{{\log x}} \times \frac{1}{x}$ 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{1}{{x\log x}},x > 1$ 

9. Differentiating the following w.r.t. $x:\frac{{\cos x}}{{\log x}},x > 0$

Ans: 

Let $y = \frac{{\cos x}}{{\log x}}$ 

By using the quotient rule, we obtain

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{{\tfrac{d}{{dx}}(\cos x) \times \log x - \cos x \times \tfrac{d}{{dx}}(\log x)}}{{{{\left( {\log x} \right)}^2}}}$ 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{{( - \sin x)\log x - \cos x \times \frac{1}{x}}}{{{{(\log x)}^2}}}$ 

$ \Rightarrow \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} =  - \frac{{x\log x \times \sin  + \cos x}}{{x{{(\log x)}^2}}},x > 0$ 

10. Differentiating the following w.r.t. $x:\cos (\log x + {e^x}),x > 0$

Ans: 

Let $y = \cos (\log x + {e^x})$ 

By using the chain rule in the above equation, we get

$y = \cos (\log x + {e^x})$ 

$\frac{{dy}}{{dx}} =  - \sin (\log x + {e^x}) \times \frac{d}{{dx}}(\log x + {e^x})$ 

$ =  - \sin (\log x + {e^x}) \times \left[ {\frac{d}{{dx}}(\log x) + \frac{d}{{dx}}({e^x})} \right]$ 

$ =  - \sin (\log x + {e^x}) \times \left( {\frac{1}{x} + {e^x}} \right)$ 

$ =  - \left( {\frac{1}{x} + {e^x}} \right)\sin (\log x + {e^x}),x > 0$ 

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