Question

What is the desired gene?

Answer 1

Hint: We are familiar with the word gene i.e. the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Heredity is biological inheritance passing from the traits of parents to the offspring. Genes are made up of DNA and some of them act as instructions to make protein molecules. Desired genes word means insertion of copy of genes.

Complete answer:
Genes act as instructions to make protein molecules but many genes do not code for protein. Genes vary in size from hundred DNA bases to millions. The Human Genome Project (HGP) worked to determine the sequence of the human genome and to estimate the number of genes.
Each human has two copies of each gene from which one is inherited from each parent. Most of the genes are the same in each human but a small number of genes are slightly different.
Alleles are formed of the same genes with somewhat difference in their sequence of DNA bases i.e. Adenine, Cytosine, Thymine, Guanine(A,C,T,G) which is responsible for unique features of each human.
Desired gene is the insertion of a copy of gene into a living cell in order to synthesize the gene product. It can be microinjected directly into the cell and is allowed to infect the gene replication.
There are three methods for obtaining genes:
1. Synthesizing genes using an automated machine,
2. Gene Cloning, and
3.Using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction).

>Gene Machine: It synthesizes pre-determined polynucleotide sequences so that the genes can be synthesized rapidly. There are four separate reservoirs containing nucleotides. The synthesizer column is packed with a small silica bead which provides support for assembly of DNA molecules. This process is controlled by a microprocessor.
>Gene Cloning: It is commonly used for isolating long genes and protein expression.
>Polymerase Chain Reaction: Used to obtain pure samples of genes.

Hence, Desired Gene means; it is the process of insertion of copies of genes and affect the gene replication.

Note: In the desired gene process the sequence / desired sequence is entered on the keyboard and the microprocessor automatically opens the valve of the nucleotide reservoir. By this process one can produce the desired nucleotide chain. Genes are made up of DNA and they help in making protein molecules.