NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 - Metals and Non-metals

Metals and Non-metals are different types of elements present around us. Elements can be divided into metals and non-metals, and it is important to know whether a particular element is a metal or non-metal. Metals such as copper and aluminium are good conductors of heat as well as electricity, while non-metals such as phosphorus and sulfur are insulators. Therefore it is important to know the distinguished properties of metals and non-metals.

The NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 gives a clear idea about the various questions and solutions linked with the chapter so that students can study more effectively. Register Online for Class 10 Science tuition on Vedantu.com to score more marks in Your Examination. Maths Students who are looking for better solutions ,they can download Class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions to help you to revise complete syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

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Chapter 3 - Metals and Non-metals part-1

The Periodic Table

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The periodic table is an arrangement of all the chemical elements based on the chemical properties that they show. The metals are present on the left side while the non-metals are on the right side. The rows of the columns are called periods while the columns are called groups. There are a total of 92 elements found naturally in nature. Out of these 90 elements, 70 are metals, and 22 are non-metals.

Metals

There are various kinds of metals present in the earth’s surface.

Alkaline earth metals.
Alkali metals.
Transition metals.
Actinides.
Lanthanides.

The metals are placed on the left side of the periodic table. They are separated from the non-metals by a zigzag element line that consists of elements such as Carbon, Phosphorus, Selenium, Iodine and Radon. These elements are common to both metals and non-metals, and they exhibit features of both the elements. Hence they are also known as metalloids.

Physical Properties of Metals

All metals exist in the solid-state except mercury. Mercury is the only metal that exists in liquid form in its natural state.
Metals are malleable. They can be beaten into thin sheets of their form. Elements such as Aluminium, Gold and Silver are often beaten up into miniature sheets for industrial purposes.
Metals are also ductile. They can be stretched into thin wires as well. Copper wires and aluminium wires are used abundantly. Some metals may be less or more ductile compared to others.
A very important physical property of metals is that it can conduct heat and electricity. Every metal is a good conductor of electricity. The best conductor of electricity amongst all the metals is Silver. Amongst all the metals, lead is the worst conductor of heat while iron and mercury are poor conductors of electricity.
Metals are shiny, and hence they reflect light that is incident on the metal surface. This is one of the very reasons why metals are used to make pieces of jewellery and ornaments for women.
Metals are lustrous, hard and healthy. An exception to this property is sodium and potassium.

Non-Metals

The number of non-metals present in the periodic table is much less in number compared to that of metals. Some common examples of non-metals are hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, sulphur, all the halogens and noble gases. They are electronegative and have very low specific gravity. Unlike metals, they are not lustrous, and neither do they reflect light.

Physical Properties of Non-Metals

Non-metals are brittle and break into pieces when they are beaten.
Non-metals are neither ductile nor malleable in nature. They cannot be broken down into thin wires.
Non-metals are insulators, and they are poor conductors of electricity. They neither conduct heat nor electricity because they do not have a loose electron to transmit the energy.
Non-metals can be in any form at room temperature. They are transparent.

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Vedantu has the best professional teachers associated with them. They will be providing the students with NCERT solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 as well as metals and non-metals Class 10 NCERT Solutions. With these solutions, your ward will gain proper knowledge of every chapter and understand the various logics behind each subtopic. To help you further with the chapter and subject of metals and non-metals Class 10, Vedantu also provides the students with previous year question papers.

This gives the student a clear idea about the question pattern. The solutions to each question are also provided. In case you have any additional doubt, you can contact the concerned teacher through email or live doubt clearing sessions. Vedantu provides all the MCQ questions along with the answers. Get preparing for your exams with Vedantu and scoring high.

Solved Examples

1. Which method is the best one for preventing an iron utensil from rusting?

Applying grease.
Applying paint.
Applying a coating or zinc.
All of the above.

Ans: Applying a coating of zinc.

2. An element of the periodic table reacts with oxygen to give a compound with a high melting point. If the element is also soluble in water then, the element is likely to be

Calcium
Carbon
Silicon
Iron

Ans: The element is likely to calcium.

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

1. Can I use the NCERT Solutions Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metals and Nonmetals for exam preparation?

Yes, definitely. These NCERT Solutions Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metals and Non-metals for exam preparation are meant to be used for exam preparation. These contain comprehensive answers to all the questions asked in the NCERT textbook exercises. Hence these will help in scoring an excellent grade in Class 10th Science exam.

2. How can I download the NCERT Solutions Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metals and Non-metals online?

You can download the NCERT Solutions Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metals and Nonmetals online from various ed-tech portals. One of such portals is Vedantu where you can download all the NCERT Solutions for all subjects and all classes at absolutely free of cost. Likewise, you can download the PDF of NCERT Solutions Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metals and Non-metals from Vedantu website and app for free.

3. Define alloy.

A homogeneous mixture of two or more metals is called an alloy. There can be a mixture of one metal or one non-metal.

4. What is corrosion?

Corrosion is a natural phenomenon where a refined metal gets easily oxidized when it is exposed to a moistened environment or water for a long period of time. Corrosion gradually damages the entire metal slowly.

5. What are the exceptions in the properties of metals and non-metals?

Some exceptions in the physical properties of metals and non-metals are:

Mercury is a metal that is liquid at room temperature otherwise all metals are solid at room temperature.
Caesium and gallium have low melting points but other metals have high melting points.
As we know non-metals are non-lustrous but iodine is lustrous.
Graphite which is an allotrope of carbon is a good conductor of electricity.
Metals like potassium, sodium and lithium are very soft and have low melting points.

6. Discuss the property of conduction of electricity for ionic compounds.

The property of conduction of electricity is shown by ionic compounds. The conduction takes place due to the movement of charged particles. When electricity is passed through the ionic solution then ions are moved to opposite electrodes. In solid-state, ionic compounds do not conduct electricity. In molten state ionic compounds conduct electricity because in this state ions are free to move. The movement of ions is possible as the electrostatic force is overcome due to heat.

7. Write a short note on the process of anodising.

The process of anodising is defined as the procedure of forming a thick layer of aluminium oxide. When aluminium is exposed to air it develops a thin layer of oxide. Due to this oxide layer, the substance does not get corroded. This resistance to corrosion can be more effective if this layer gets thicker. In this process, dilute sulphuric acid is used as an electrolyte. The substance is made at an anode and the oxygen gas reacts with this material and a thick layer is developed. To know more students can visit the Vedantu app or website.

8. What is the result when a metal reacts with water?

When a metal reacts with water then metal oxide and hydrogen are produced. The soluble metal oxide further reacts with water to give metal hydroxide as a result. The reaction of sodium and potassium with cold water is exothermic. When calcium reacts with cold water it starts floating because the hydrogen gas bubbles stick to the surface of the metal. The metal magnesium does not react with cold water but it reacts with hot water. It also floats like calcium.

9. Which technique should I follow to make a fruitful study plan for preparing Chapter 3 of Class 10 Science?

The tips which will be helpful in inventing an effective study plan for studying Chapter 3 of Class 10 Science are: