NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3

Bookmark added to your notes.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 - Metals and Non-metals

Metals and Non-metals are different types of elements present around us. Elements can be divided into metals and non-metals, and it is important to know whether a particular element is a metal or non-metal. Metals such as copper and aluminium are good conductors of heat as well as electricity, while non-metals such as phosphorus and sulfur are insulators. Therefore it is important to know the distinguished properties of metals and non-metals.

The NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 gives a clear idea about the various questions and solutions linked with the chapter so that students can study more effectively. Register Online for Class 10 Science tuition on Vedantu.com to score more marks in Your Examination. Maths Students who are looking for better solutions ,they can download Class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions to help you to revise complete syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

The Periodic Table

(image will be uploaded soon)

The periodic table is an arrangement of all the chemical elements based on the chemical properties that they show. The metals are present on the left side while the non-metals are on the right side. The rows of the columns are called periods while the columns are called groups. There are a total of 92 elements found naturally in nature. Out of these 90 elements, 70 are metals, and 22 are non-metals.

Metals

There are various kinds of metals present in the earth’s surface.

Alkaline earth metals.
Alkali metals.
Transition metals.
Actinides.
Lanthanides.

The metals are placed on the left side of the periodic table. They are separated from the non-metals by a zigzag element line that consists of elements such as Carbon, Phosphorus, Selenium, Iodine and Radon. These elements are common to both metals and non-metals, and they exhibit features of both the elements. Hence they are also known as metalloids.

Physical Properties of Metals

All metals exist in the solid-state except mercury. Mercury is the only metal that exists in liquid form in its natural state.
Metals are malleable. They can be beaten into thin sheets of their form. Elements such as Aluminium, Gold and Silver are often beaten up into miniature sheets for industrial purposes.
Metals are also ductile. They can be stretched into thin wires as well. Copper wires and aluminium wires are used abundantly. Some metals may be less or more ductile compared to others.
A very important physical property of metals is that it can conduct heat and electricity. Every metal is a good conductor of electricity. The best conductor of electricity amongst all the metals is Silver. Amongst all the metals, lead is the worst conductor of heat while iron and mercury are poor conductors of electricity.
Metals are shiny, and hence they reflect light that is incident on the metal surface. This is one of the very reasons why metals are used to make pieces of jewellery and ornaments for women.
Metals are lustrous, hard and healthy. An exception to this property is sodium and potassium.

Non-Metals

The number of non-metals present in the periodic table is much less in number compared to that of metals. Some common examples of non-metals are hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, sulphur, all the halogens and noble gases. They are electronegative and have very low specific gravity. Unlike metals, they are not lustrous, and neither do they reflect light.

Physical Properties of Non-Metals

Non-metals are brittle and break into pieces when they are beaten.
Non-metals are neither ductile nor malleable in nature. They cannot be broken down into thin wires.
Non-metals are insulators, and they are poor conductors of electricity. They neither conduct heat nor electricity because they do not have a loose electron to transmit the energy.
Non-metals can be in any form at room temperature. They are transparent.

How Will Vedantu Help You to Give NCERT Solutions?

Vedantu has the best professional teachers associated with them. They will be providing the students with NCERT solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 as well as metals and non-metals Class 10 NCERT Solutions. With these solutions, your ward will gain proper knowledge of every chapter and understand the various logics behind each subtopic. To help you further with the chapter and subject of metals and non-metals Class 10, Vedantu also provides the students with previous year question papers.

This gives the student a clear idea about the question pattern. The solutions to each question are also provided. In case you have any additional doubt, you can contact the concerned teacher through email or live doubt clearing sessions. Vedantu provides all the MCQ questions along with the answers. Get preparing for your exams with Vedantu and scoring high.

Solved Examples

1. Which method is the best one for preventing an iron utensil from rusting?

Applying grease.
Applying paint.
Applying a coating or zinc.
All of the above.

Ans: Applying a coating of zinc.

2. An element of the periodic table reacts with oxygen to give a compound with a high melting point. If the element is also soluble in water then, the element is likely to be

Calcium
Carbon
Silicon
Iron

Ans: The element is likely to calcium.

Do you need help with your Homework? Are you preparing for Exams?

Study without Internet (Offline)

Download pdf for free!

Chapter 3 - Metals and Non-metals part-1

Loading More Solutions...

FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)

1. Which Non-Metal is Used as a Fuel in Rockets?

Ans: The non-metal which is used as fuel in rockets is liquid hydrogen. There are separate hydrogen and oxygen tanks that combine and burn the rocket. Hydrogen has a high calorific value. Hence, it is used as fuel. A few of the other nonmetals that are used as fuel are Carbon and its form Graphite. Liquid hydrogen yields the highest specific impulse or efficiency in relation to the amount of propellant consumed, of any known rocket propellant. Other common uses of liquid hydrogen in the space industry are for clean transportation. Liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen are still used to launch several European rockets.

2. What are the Eight Metalloids?

Ans: Metalloids occur along the diagonal stair-step between metals and nonmetals. The events which are known as metalloids are boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, tellurium, astatine and polonium. The elements to the upper right of this line display non-metallic behaviour while the elements in the lower left display metallic behaviour. Metalloids have characteristics of both metals and nonmetals. Most metals are brittle and have a metallic lustre. They have a solid-state of matter and generally have non-metallic chemical properties. Other properties of metalloids include; good semiconductors, forms alloys when comes in contact with metals and are less conductive than metals.