Nuclear Suppliers Group: List Of Members of the Nuclear Suppliers Group

The Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) is a multilateral export control system and a group of nuclear supplier countries whose goal is to prevent nuclear proliferation by limiting the export of materials, equipment, and technology that may be used to make nuclear weapons. The Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) was formed in May 1974 in reaction to an Indian nuclear test, and its inaugural meeting was held in November 1975. Canada, Japan, France, West Germany, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America were the first seven countries to join the NSG. To join the NSG, a country must first sign the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT). It's worth noting that India has yet to sign the NPT. The Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) has 48 members who support India's entry into the group. This article will cover the history of the NSG and the list of members of the nuclear supplier’s group.

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History Of Nuclear Suppliers Group

The NSG was established in May 1974 in reaction to an Indian nuclear test, and its inaugural meeting was held in November 1975. The test showed that some non-weapons nuclear technologies may be easily adapted to weapons development. Nations that have previously signed the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) felt the need to tighten export restrictions on nuclear equipment, materials, and technology. Another advantage was that non-NPT and non-Zangger Committee countries, particularly France, might be included. From 1975 to 1978, a series of meetings in London resulted in agreements on export rules, which were published by the International Atomic Energy Agency as INFCIRC/254 (basically the Zangger "Trigger List"). Only if specific International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards were agreed upon or if unusual safety conditions existed, may listed goods be transferred to non-nuclear states. 

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The "London Club" got its name after a series of meetings held in London. The London Group, or the London Suppliers Group, is another name for it. The next time the NSG met was in 1991. Although the Zangger list was periodically updated, the "Trigger List" remained unaltered until 1991. Following the first Gulf War, discoveries regarding Iraq's weapons development led to a restriction on the sale of so-called dual-use equipment. The twenty-six participating nations agreed to the revisions, which were published as the "Dual-use List" in 1992, and also to the expansion of the original list to more nearly resembling the up-to-date Zangger list, during the first conference since 1978, held in the Hague in March 1991.

List Of Members Of The Nuclear Suppliers Group

Canada, West Germany, France, Japan, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States were the first seven countries to join the NSG. Belgium, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, and Switzerland joined the group in 1976-77, bringing the total number of participants to fifteen. In 1990, Germany was reunited, and in 1993, Czechoslovakia was split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Up to 1990, twelve additional countries have joined. Following the disintegration of the Soviet Union, several former Soviet republics were granted observer status as the first step toward future membership. In 2004, China became a participating government. Nuclear suppliers group members list is as given below,

Candidate Participants Of Nuclear Suppliers Group

India

During a November 2010 state visit to India, US President Barack Obama stated that the US would support India's participation in the Nuclear Suppliers Group, the Wassenaar Arrangement, the Australia Group, and the Missile Technology Control Regime "in a phased manner," and that the US would encourage the evolution of regime participation criteria to that end, "consistent with maintaining the core principles of the regime."

During a December 2010 visit to India, French President Nicolas Sarkozy indicated his country's support for India's inclusion in the Nuclear Suppliers Group. The United Kingdom has long advocated for India's membership in the Nuclear Suppliers Group. Obama stated during his Republic Day visit to India in January 2015 that India was ready to join the NSG. Vladimir Putin, the Russian president, has also expressed his unequivocal support for India's admission to the NSG. On 6 June 2016, during PM Modi's visit to Geneva, Switzerland declared its support for India's participation in the 48-member group. On 8 June 2016, during PM Modi's visit to Washington, DC, President Obama confirmed US support for India's NSG membership. 

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Japan has voiced its support for India's application to join the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG). China, on the other hand, opposes India's entrance, citing Pakistan's refusal to join the restricted club. New Zealand, Ireland, and Austria are among the nations opposing Indian membership in the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) due to India's non-signatory status under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT).

Pakistan

On May 19, 2016, Pakistan applied for membership. Pakistan has emphasised the need of the Nuclear Suppliers Group to adopt a non-discriminatory criteria-based approach to NSG membership for nations who have never signed the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). Turkey and China are both supportive of Pakistan. Pakistan has begun a significant lobbying campaign to gain further support for its membership in the NSG. “They have made public their interest, and any nation may submit its membership application,” US State Department Spokesperson Mark Toner said in May 2016: “They have made public their interest, and certainly any country can submit its membership application.” And we'll make a choice based on a consensus.” In June 2017, the NSG held a plenary meeting in Seoul to examine the ‘Technical, Legal, and Political Aspects of Non-NPT State Participation in the NSG.' 

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China has also linked India's candidacy to Pakistan's, repeatedly delaying the latter's entrance because if India is allowed in without joining the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty, then Pakistan should be let in as well. The clandestine procurement network established by Pakistani scientist AQ Khan, who oversaw the country's uranium enrichment program, was uncovered in 2004. This network, which comprised persons and companies from over 30 countries, traded in nuclear and dual-use items and funded nuclear weapons programs in Iran, Libya, and North Korea, as well as Pakistan itself. Pakistan also passed an Export Control Act on Goods, Technologies, Materials, and Equipment Related to Nuclear and Biological Weapons and Their Delivery Systems in 2004, and issued Export Control Lists in 2005, which have been updated regularly. On March 26, 2018, the US sanctioned seven Pakistani companies for nuclear proliferation, thereby ending Pakistan's hopes of joining the Nuclear Suppliers Group.

Namibia

Namibia applied to join the NSG in 2016.

Did You Know

List of some big names of nuclear suppliers group

The main nuclear suppliers group members list is given below,

• USA

• UK

• Russia

• France

• Switzerland

• Japan

• Germany

• Brazil

• South Africa

• Australia

• Poland

• Cyprus

• Mexico

• Argentina

• Turkey

Because India has not signed the Non-Proliferation Treaty, several nations are opposed to India joining the NSG (NPT). The following NSG members oppose India's admission to the Nuclear Suppliers Group:

• China

• New Zealand

• Ireland

• Austria

Out of 48 countries, only four countries are opposing India’s entry into the NSG.

NSG was established in 1974 in reaction to an Indian nuclear test. Canada, Japan, France, West Germany, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the U.S. were the first seven countries to join the NSG. It's worth noting that India has yet to sign the NPT. Canada, West Germany, France, Japan, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States were the first seven countries to join the NSG. In 2004, China became a participating government. During a 2010 state visit to India, US President Barack Obama stated that the US would support India's participation in the Nuclear Suppliers Group.