Question

Genetic material found in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is
(a)Double-stranded RNA
(b)Single-stranded RNA
(c)Double standard DNA
(d)Single-stranded DNA

Answer 1

Hint: These genetic material found in HIV contains the nucleotides namely cytosine, guanine, adenine, and uracil, all present in a single strand.

Complete answer:
The genetic material found in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a single-stranded RNA.
Since it works in a back-to-front way HIV is called a retrovirus that carries single-stranded RNA as its genetic material in place of the double-stranded DNA. Unlike other viruses, the genetic information is stored using RNA instead of DNA in the retroviruses. This means that they will make DNA when they enter a human cell to make their new copies.

Additional Information: -The enzyme used for this copying function is a reverse transcriptase, which allows it to copy RNA into DNA and use that copy" to infect humans, or host, cells.
-The human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) are having two species of Lentivirus or retrovirus that mainly infect humans.
-Over time, they cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), it is a condition in which failure of the immune system occurs that allows life-threatening opportunistic infections.
-In the absence of treatment, the average survival time of the patient after infection with HIV is estimated to be 9 to 11 years, depending on the subtype of HIV.
-HIV is a sexually transmitted infection in most of the cases and occurs by contact with or transfer of blood, pre-ejaculate, semen, and vaginal fluids.
-Transmission that happens from an infected mother to her infant during pregnancy, during childbirth by exposure to her blood or vaginal fluid, and thru breast milk is understood as non-sexual transmission. Within these body fluids, HIV remains present as both free virus particles and viruses within infected immune cells.
So, the correct answer is,’ single-stranded RNA’.

Note: -Till now no vaccine or specific treatment is available for many of these viruses and if some of them are available they are not highly effective.
-the average survival time of the patient after infection with HIV is estimated to be 9 to 11 years.
-Non-sexual transmission involves the transmission of the virus from an infected mother to her infant during pregnancy.
-reverse transcriptase is the enzyme that allows the copying of RNA into DNA.