Question

Why does current in a steady state not flow in a capacitor connected across a battery? However momentary current does flow during charging or discharging of the capacitor. Explain.

Answer 1

Hint: In steady state condition, voltage across the capacitor will be equal to voltage of the charging source. So net voltage acting on a circuit will be zero. By this occurrence there will be no charge flow through the circuit and capacitor. Capacitor is a passive device that stores energy in its electric field and returns energy to the circuit whenever a capacitor consists of two conducting plates separately by an insulating material or dielectric material.

Complete answer: This is caused by the enough repulsion force by which charge accumulates on the plates, which produce the sufficient charge to stop the electric current. During the charging, the charge accumulates on the plates and resultant does not collect enough repulsive force to stop the current. But when it gets fully charged then it collects the repulsive force to do so. This is the similar process for discharging a capacitor.
An electric cell is a device in which potential difference is maintained between its two terminals by the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy.
An electric cell consists of two metallic plates, first is copper and second is zinc. From which side the electric current enters or leaves, called the electrodes. Each plate is attached with a terminal of brass. The plates are placed in a glass container. Dilute Sulphuric acid is used as electrolyte.

Note: Conductors: Those materials which allow the electric current to flow through them are called electric conductors. Such as: All metal are electric conductors. Insulators: Those materials which do not allow the electric current to flow through them are called electric insulators. Examples: Rubber, Plastic, Wood, Paper, wax etc.