Which element possesses the biggest atomic radii?
A. P
B. Si
C. Al
D. Mg
Last updated date: 27th Mar 2023
•
Total views: 65.7k
•
Views today: 1.42k
Answer
65.7k+ views
Hint: We know that the horizontal rows present in a periodic table are called periods. Phosphorus, silicon, aluminium and magnesium belong to the third period of the periodic table.
Complete Step by Step Solution:
Periodic table was created based on the periodic law. Periodic law states that the properties of the elements are the function of their atomic weights. In the periodic table, the horizontal rows are the periods. The vertical sections are known as groups.
As we move along a period or left-hand side to the right-hand side of a period, the atomic radii of the elements decrease. The atomic radius of an element is defined as the distance between the centre of the nucleus and the outermost valence electron.
Along the period the atomic number increases. Due to this the number of protons increases which makes the nucleus more positively charged. Electrons are put into the same shell. The impact of an increase in protons is more effective than the increase in electrons.
Effective nuclear charge increases which means that the nuclear attraction between the nucleus and electrons increases. The nucleus holds the electrons more tightly and near to itself. This decreases the atomic radius. So, along a period atomic radii decrease. Hence, Mg has the biggest atomic radii.
So, option D is correct.
Note: On moving from the top to the bottom of a group, atomic radii increases.
The valence electrons are filled up in the higher energy levels i.e., n. So, these electrons become distant from the nucleus as the energy level rises. Electrons are not close to the nucleus and are no more under the influence of the nucleus. Hence, atomic radii increase.
Complete Step by Step Solution:
Periodic table was created based on the periodic law. Periodic law states that the properties of the elements are the function of their atomic weights. In the periodic table, the horizontal rows are the periods. The vertical sections are known as groups.
As we move along a period or left-hand side to the right-hand side of a period, the atomic radii of the elements decrease. The atomic radius of an element is defined as the distance between the centre of the nucleus and the outermost valence electron.
Along the period the atomic number increases. Due to this the number of protons increases which makes the nucleus more positively charged. Electrons are put into the same shell. The impact of an increase in protons is more effective than the increase in electrons.
Effective nuclear charge increases which means that the nuclear attraction between the nucleus and electrons increases. The nucleus holds the electrons more tightly and near to itself. This decreases the atomic radius. So, along a period atomic radii decrease. Hence, Mg has the biggest atomic radii.
So, option D is correct.
Note: On moving from the top to the bottom of a group, atomic radii increases.
The valence electrons are filled up in the higher energy levels i.e., n. So, these electrons become distant from the nucleus as the energy level rises. Electrons are not close to the nucleus and are no more under the influence of the nucleus. Hence, atomic radii increase.
Recently Updated Pages
In India on the occasion of marriages the fireworks class 12 chemistry JEE_Main

The alkaline earth metals Ba Sr Ca and Mg may be arranged class 12 chemistry JEE_Main

Which of the following has the highest electrode potential class 12 chemistry JEE_Main

Which of the following is a true peroxide A rmSrmOrm2 class 12 chemistry JEE_Main

Phosphine is obtained from the following ore A Calcium class 12 chemistry JEE_Main

The deep pink colour is given to flame by the salts class 12 chemistry JEE_Main

Trending doubts
Epipetalous and syngenesious stamens occur in aSolanaceae class 11 biology CBSE

Differentiate between homogeneous and heterogeneous class 12 chemistry CBSE

Cl P Cl bond angles in PCl5 molecule is A 120 circ class 11 chemistry CBSE

Two vectors of equal magnitude have a resultant equal class 11 physics CBSE

A magnetic moment of 173BM will be shown by which one class 11 chemistry CBSE

Which of the following cannot be prepared by Sandmeyers class 11 chemistry CBSE

The maximum number of possible oxidation states of class 12 chemistry CBSE

What would happen to the life of a cell if there was class 11 biology CBSE

Name the members of the lanthanoid series which exhibit class 12 chemistry CBSE
