Question

\[C{{H}_{3}}+C{{H}_{2}}Cl\] undergoes homolytic fission to produce:
A. \[C{{H}_{3}}+\overset{\centerdot }{\mathop{C}}\,{{H}_{2}}\]and \[\overset{\centerdot }{\mathop{C}}\,l\]
B. \[C{{H}_{3}}+\overset{\centerdot }{\mathop{C}}\,{{H}_{2}}\]and \[C{{l}^{+}}\]
C. \[C{{H}_{3}}+{{C}^{+}}{{H}_{2}}\]and \[C{{l}^{-}}\]
D. \[C{{H}_{3}}+{{C}^{+}}{{H}_{2}}\]and \[\overset{\centerdot }{\mathop{C}}\,l\]

Answer 1

Hint: Homolytic fission results in the formation of neutral species that contains an unpaired electron called free radicals. No ions or charged species are formed in case of homolytic fission.

Complete step-by-step answer:
Homolytic cleavage is the breaking of a covalent bond in such a way that each fragment gets one of the shared electrons. The single electron movement is shown by a half headed arrow. Homolytic fission results in the formation of neutral species that contains an unpaired electron. These species are called free radicals. Both the newly formed species are free radical. Reactions that involve homolytic cleavage are called free radical reactions. Homolytic fission usually occurs in non-polar bonds. Conditions that generally favour homolytic fission are:
1. High temperature
2. Ultraviolet light
3. Presence of peroxides
 For example,
\[B{{r}_{2}}\xrightarrow{\Delta /h\upsilon }\overset{\bullet }{\mathop{Br}}\,+\overset{\bullet }{\mathop{Br}}\,\]
In the given reaction,
\[C{{H}_{3}}C{{H}_{2}}Cl\xrightarrow{\Delta /h\upsilon }C{{H}_{3}}{{\overset{\bullet }{\mathop{CH}}\,}_{2}}+\overset{\bullet }{\mathop{Cl}}\,\]
So, the correct option is option A.

Note: Whereas in heterolytic cleavage, or heterolysis, the bond breaks in such a fashion that the originally-shared pair of electrons remain with one of the fragments. Heterolytic fission results in the formation of charged species which is evident from the above example. Since a pair of electrons is moved, the arrows used are full headed.