Question

Which of the following statements is correct with respect to the property of elements in the carbon Family with an increase in atomic number there.
(A) Atomic size decreases
(B) Ionisation energy increases
(C) Metallic character decreases
(D) Stability of +2 oxidation state increases

Answer 1

Hint: Elements can also be categorised by family. A homologous element makes up a family if all of its atoms share the same number of valence electrons and hence exhibit comparable chemical properties. The families of nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon are a few examples of elements.

Complete Step by Step Solution:
The carbon family has the following characteristics:
Atoms of the elements of the carbon family have four electrons in the outer energy level. These electrons consist of two in the s subshell and two in the p subshell.

One of the main distinctions between carbon and other members of the family is that only carbon has the outer structure.

Atomic and ionic radius rise but electronegativity and ionisation energy fall as you descend the periodic table in the carbon family. Moving down the group results in larger atoms because more electron shells are added.

As you move down the group, the element density rises.
Due to the screening effect, the stability of the +2 oxidation state in the carbon family improves as one moves down the periodic table with an increase in atomic number. The group 14 elements typically display the oxidation states +4 and +2. The propensity to produce +2 ions rises as we descend the group. Inert pair effect is to blame for this. The p-block elements show this effect. The inert pair effect is particularly pronounced in lead (Pb), where the probability for inner ns electrons to not participate in chemical bonding rises as we travel from carbon to lead in the group as a result of the size of the atoms.

Note: The periodic table's 14^th element group is the carbon family. Five elements make up the carbon family: carbon, silicon, germanium, tin, and lead. Flerovium, element 114, is probably going to act somewhat like a family member as well. In other words, the group is made up of carbon and the elements on the periodic table that are just next to it. With nonmetals to its right and metals to its left, the carbon family is almost exactly in the centre of the periodic table.