Question

Vinyl chloride reacts with HCl to form major product of
(A) 1,3-dichloroethane
(B) 1,2-dichloroethane
(C) Tetrachloroethylene
(D) 1,1-dichloroethane

Answer 1

Hint: Vinyl chloride is a gas which has no colour. It is toxic and flammable in nature. It is also termed chloroethylene. Globally, it is one of the twenty most used petrochemicals.

Complete Step by Step Solution:
Let's first understand the structure of Vinyl chloride. It is an alkene having one halogen group. The chemical structure of the compound vinyl chloride is,

Image: Vinyl Chloride

Let's understand Markovnikov's addition reaction in detail. In Markovnikov's addition, when an alkene or alkyne undergoes a reaction with Hydrogen chloride, a proton gets attached to that C atom of double bond which has the largest count of Hydrogen atoms. And the halogen atom gets added to the other carbon atom present in the double bond.

Here, the reaction of Vinyl chloride with HCl follows Markovnikov's addition. So, the H atom of the HCl gets attached to that carbon atom of the vinyl chloride which has a larger number of H atoms. So, the reaction is,

Image: Vinyl chloride undergoes reaction with HCl.

Therefore, the reaction of Vinyl Chloride and HCl gives 1,1-dichloroethane. Hence, option (D) is right.

Additional Information:
In anti-Markovnikov's addition, the addition of the proton to that C atom of the double bond occurs, where there are fewer Hydrogen atoms present. So, it is the opposite of Markovnikov's addition.

Note: Nowadays, exposure to vinyl chloride causes many health impacts. Normally, the exposure occurs because of polluted air and polluted water. Also, workers in the manufacturing industries of vinyl chloride are exposed to vinyl chloride due to inhalation.