Question

The disease albinism is caused by the deficiency of :-
A. Phenylalanine hydroxylase
B. Tyrosinase
C. Emulsion
D. Lactase

Answer 1

Hint: The disease albinism is caused by the deficiency of tyrosinase, a copper-containing enzyme involved in the production of melanin.

Complete step-by-step solution:
‘Albinism’ results from inheritance of recessive gene alleles and is known to affect all vertebrates including humans. It is due to the absence of a defect of tyrosinase, a copper-containing enzyme involved in the production of melanin. A defect in one of several genes that produce or distribute melanin causes albinism. The defect may result in the absence of melanin production. The defective gene passed down from both parents to the wild and leads to albinism.
There are two main types of albinism :-
1) Oculoataneous albinism (OCA): It is the most common type, affecting the skin, hair and eyes.
2) Ocular albinism (OA): It is a rare type that mainly affects the eyes.
The disease albinism is caused by the deficiency of tyrosinase enzyme. Albinism is an inherited disorder that is characterized by little or no production of the pigment melanin, due to lack of tyrosine enzyme. This enzyme helps the body to change the amino acid tyrosine into melanin pigment. In person suffering from albinism, the enzymes are inactive and no melanin is produced, leading to white hair and very light skin color.

Note: In this type of question the deficiency is asked, we need to know about the disease first then the cause or the lack of that thing which is causing it. So, in the process of that we have to remember the deficiency factors and then only we will be able to solve them. Also here
Albinism is caused by the deficiency of tyrosinase and Tyrosinase is an enzyme involved in the production of melanin, this type of information is required to solve them.