Question

Benzaldehyde reacts with excess of anhydrous ethyl alcohol in the presence of $HCl$, to give
(A) ${C_6}{H_5}COCl$
(B) ${C_6}{H_5}COO{C_2}{H_5}$
(C) ${C_6}{H_5}CH{(O{C_2}{H_5})_2}$
(D) ${C_2}{H_5}C{H_2}Cl$

Answer 1

Hint: The Cannizzaro reaction is an unbalanced process in which two aldehyde molecules interact with a hydroxide base to produce basic alcohol and carboxylic acid. The Cannizzaro reaction is taking place in the given question as well.

Complete Step by Step Solution:
The Cannizzaro reaction is a chemical reaction named after Stanislao Cannizzaro which involves the resulting imbalance of two uncooked aldehyde molecules to produce carboxylic acid and essential alcohol.

When Benzaldehyde reacts with an overdose of ethyl anhydrous alcohol in the presence of. Products i) benzaldehyde ethyl hemiacetal and ii) $2,2 - $dichlorobutane hydrate. This reaction appears to be a hemiacetal formation. Alcohol undergoes acid-catalysed addition to aldehydes to form hemiacetals.

Therefore, the correct answer is C) ${C_6}{H_5}CH{(O{C_2}{H_5})_2}$.

Additional information: The Cannizzaro Reaction Mechanism explains how to obtain one molecule of alcohol and one molecule of carboxylic acid in two molecules of a specific aldehyde. Scientist Stanislao Cannizzaro, successfully discovered benzyl alcohol and potassium benzoate in benz dedede. The reaction is mediated by the nucleophilic acyl conversion to aldehyde when the leaving group invades another aldehyde. Moderate tetrahedral effects from hydroxide exposure to carbonyl. This central tetrahedral space collapses, thus converting carbonyl and transmitting hydride to another colony.

Note: The benefits of Cannizzaro reaction exceeding reaction variations improve the yield of the product you are looking for. Both aldehydes are converted into products entirely and the destruction of essential reacting chemicals is avoided. The atomic economy of the process is also low.