19 Laws and Rights Must be Known to Every Indian

Every year on the 15th of August, India celebrates Independence Day with zeal. People in India have various rights under the Indian Constitution to preserve their fundamental rights, although most people are unaware of these rights. These are the important laws to know in India, which are also called the Indian police rules and regulations.

The Indian public has numerous rights to safeguard their lives, property, and dignity. Different parts of the Indian Constitution and subsequent laws allow for certain rights.

List of 18 Laws and Rights

There are 18 laws and rights that must be known to every indian. Let us know about all those in clear.

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A citizen of India possesses a diverse collection of rights, ranging from the right to life, property, and education to the right to vote. These rights assist an Indian citizen in leading a dignified life. These rights and rules are provided to every Indian citizen under several parts of the Indian Constitution. I've gone over several fundamental rights and rules that every Indian citizen should be aware of and understand.

Let us know 18 laws and rights must be known to every Indian or the laws of India list. All these are the important laws in India. 

1. Motor Vehicle Act 1988, section -185, 202: If you have more than 30mg of alcohol in your 100ml blood while driving, the police can arrest you without a warrant.

2. Criminal Procedure Code, Section 46: It states that no woman can be arrested before 6 a.m. or after 6 p.m.

3. Indian Penal Code, 166 A: A police officer cannot refuse to file a FIR, and if he or she does, he or she may be imprisoned for up to a year.

4. Indian Sarais Act 1887: No 5-star hotel can prevent you from drinking potable water and enjoying its facilities. This is the Indian Sarai Act 1887.

5. Motor Vehicle Act, 1988: Two-wheeler motorcyclists are required to wear helmets under Section 129 of the Indian Motor Vehicle Act. The maximum number of riders on the bikes is limited to two by Section 128 of the Motor Vehicle Act. The law indicates and stipulates that if a traffic cop snatches the key from your automobile or motorcycle, it is illegal, and you have the complete legal right to file a complaint against the cop.

6. Domestic Violence Act, 2005: It is not illegal for a young boy and girl to live together in a "live-in relationship." Even the child born from this union is a legal son or daughter who owns all of his or her father's property.

7. Police Act, 1861: Whether or not a police officer is wearing a uniform, he or she is always on duty. When a person makes a complaint to an officer, the officer cannot state that he or she is unable to assist the victim because he or she is not on duty.

8. Maternity Benefit Act, 1961: A pregnant woman cannot be fired by a firm. It carries a maximum prison sentence of three years. If the company (public or private) employs more than ten people, the pregnant woman is entitled to 84 days of paid maternity leave.

9. Income Tax Act, 1961:  The tax collection officer has the authority to arrest you for tax offences, but before doing so, he or she must first send you a notice. Only the Tax Commissioner has the authority to determine how long you will be held in detention.

10. Hindu Marriage Act, Section -13: This is also one of the important laws in India. Adultery (physical relationship outside of marriage), physical and mental abuse, impotency, leaving home without information, changing Hindu religion and adopting another religion, insanity, incurable disease, and no information about husband or wife for seven years are all grounds for divorce under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955.

11. Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973: Women can only be arrested by female police constables. A male officer has no authority to detain women. Women have the right to refuse to visit police stations between the hours of 6 p.m. and 6 a.m. A male police officer can only arrest a woman in the instance of a serious offence after receiving a written order from the magistrate.

12. Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA), 2010: The Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) of 2010 is a federal law that regulates foreign contributions. It might surprise you to learn that accepting a gift from a firm on the occasion of a celebration is considered bribery. This offence can also result in a prison sentence.

13. Automotive (Amendment) Bill, 2016,: If you have been penalised for a crime (such as riding without a helmet or for any other reason), you will not be fined again on the same day.

14. Maximum Retail Price Act, 2014: While a shopkeeper cannot charge more than the printed price of a commodity, a consumer has the right to bargain for a lower price.

15. Limitation Act, 1963:  If your employer fails to pay you, you have the right to file a FIR within three years. However, if you report after three years, you will not be reimbursed for the amount owed.

16. Section 294 of the Indian Penal Code: If you are caught engaging in "obscene behaviour" in a public location, you can face a three-month prison sentence. However, in the absence of a precise definition of obscene behaviour, the law has always been abused by the police.

17. Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act, 1956: This act provides for the adoption and maintenance of Hindu children. If someone is a Hindu and already has a son or grandson, he cannot adopt a second child. Between you (the adopter) and your adopted kid, there must be at least a 21-year difference.

18. Delhi Rent Control Act, 1958, Section 14: If you live in Delhi, your landlord does not have the power to forcibly remove you from your home without providing you prior notice.

19. As per the Citizen Constitution (Indian Oil Company website): Only a few people are aware that if their fuel cylinder explodes during the cooking of food, the fuel business is obligated to pay the victim Rs. 50 lakh in compensation.

These are the laws of india list, which are also called the basic laws in india.

Police laws in India

Now that we have seen the rights you should know when dealing with police in india. Let us look at the police laws in India. These are also called the basic laws in india.

When a person forcibly opposes arrest or attempts to flee arrest, Section 46 allows a police officer to use "whatever means necessary" to make an arrest. If the individual is accused of committing a felony punishable by death or life imprisonment, the police officer may use lethal force.This is in violation of international law, which limits the use of guns to cases involving an immediate threat of death or serious injury, as well as a proximate and grave threat to life.

The “maintenance of public order and tranquillity” is addressed in Chapter X of the Code. Section 129 authorises the use of force to disperse an assembly, but it does not specify the type of force that may or may not be used.

Indian Police Rules and Regulations

In Part III of the Indian Constitution (as modified), certain essential rights are guaranteed. Article 21 states, "No one shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except in line with the method authorised by law." The Supreme Court has defined a "legitimately established procedure" that would deprive a person of their liberty as one that is "fair, just, and reasonable." Life deprivation should be subjected to similar, if not stronger, conditions.

"All citizens shall have the right... to gather peacefully and without arms," according to Article 19(1)(b).

The Constitution's Article 312 provides a national police force, although it makes no provisions for the use of force.