Reproduction in Plants Class 7 Notes CBSE Science Chapter 8 (Free PDF Download)

Reproduction:

• The process of producing offspring by the parent is called reproduction.

• It is a biological process.

• The offspring produced can and cannot be the exact copy of the parent.

Mode of Reproduction:

• There are two modes of reproduction, asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction.

Asexual Reproduction 

• Reproduction that occurs without the involvement of male and female gamete is called asexual reproduction.

• Seed is not produced in this mode of reproduction.

Different Types of the Asexual Reproductions are:

1. Vegetative Propagation

• Reproduction that occurs through vegetative part of the plant i.e., leaves, stems and roots is called vegetation propagation.

• Examples of organism produced by vegetative propagation are:

1. Onion, garlic and tulip are produced by the stems.

2. Sweet Potato and Dahlia are produced by the roots.

3. Bryophyllum is produced by leaves. 

2. Budding 

• Bud is the small bulb-like structure bulging from the yeast cell.

• Bud when it gets detached it develops into a new organism and this process of producing new organism from the bud when it gets detached is called budding.

• Examples of organisms produced by budding are yeast and hydra.

3. Fragmentation

• The process by which organisms get divided into a number of fragments and each fragment develops into a new individual is called fragmentation.

• Fragmentation in spirogyra is an example of this type.

4. Spore Formation

• The process by which organisms get divided into a number of spores and each spore develops into a new individual under favorable conditions is called spore formation.

• Spore formation in fungi, fern and bacteria are some examples of this type. 

Sexual Reproduction

• Reproduction that occurs with the involvement of male and female gametes is called sexual reproduction.

• Male gamete produced by pollen grains and female gamete produced by ovary of the pistil fuses to form a zygote.

• Stigma, style and ovary together forms pistil. 

• Seed is produced in this mode of reproduction.

• This reproduction occurs through the reproductive part of the plant i.e., flower.

• The flower has both male reproductive parts called stamens and female reproductive part called pistil.

• Flowers that has either pistil or stamens is called unisexual flowers and flowers that has both pistil and stamens is called bisexual flowers.

Pollination

• When pollen is transferred from the anther to the stigma of a flower is called pollination.

• When the pollen of a flower lands on the stigma of the same flower it is called self-pollination.

• When the pollen of a flower lands on the stigma of another flower it is called cross-pollination

Fertilization

• After pollination occurs fertilization, where male and female gamete fuses to form zygote and later zygote develops into embryo.

• After fertilization, fruits are developed by ovary and seeds are developed by ovules.

Seed Dispersal

• The movement of seeds by water, wind and animals is called seed dispersal.

• Examples of the seeds dispersed by animals are xanthium and urena.

• Examples of seed dispersed when the fruit burst with sudden jerk are castor and balsam.

• Seed dispersal is important because it reduces overcrowding of seeds of plants and hence each plant gets an adequate amount of water and sunlight.

Class 7th Science Chapter 8 Notes PDF

The Science Class 7 chapter 8 notes are crucial to let students develop confidence in the subject. This allows them to understand all the tough topics in the chapter. These Class 7 chapter 8 Science notes are free to download, and all that you need is an internet connection and a device. The Chapter 8 Science Class 7 notes are available to download in a PDF format, and you can use them when you wish to. You do not need an internet connection once you have downloaded the notes. Also, get a print of it and keep the notes in hard copy to revise whenever you want.

NCERT Class 7 Science Chapter 8 Notes Revision

Our Reproduction in Plants Class 7 notes covers the details of the chapter Reproduction in Plants.

Reproduction is of two kinds. These are asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction.

Reproduction is the production of a new individual from their parents.

Plants reproduce through asexual reproduction. Here the organism forms a new organism without the fusion of the gametes. Only one parent is involved in asexual reproduction.

Fission

Fission is a kind of asexual reproduction that happens in unicellular organisms like the amoeba. Here the single cell that is the parent will divide into two or more daughter cells. In binary fission, the single-cell will be divided into two daughter cells. In multiple fissions, the single parent cell will divide into many daughter cells.

Fragmentation

This is a kind of asexual reproduction called cloning, where the organism gets split into various fragments. Then each of the fragments will develop into a fully grown and mature individual, which are the clones of the original organism.

Budding

Budding is a kind of asexual reproduction where a new organism will develop from an outgrowth or a bud because of cell division at one particular parent organism site. This then eventually breaks away from the parent cell.

Spore Formation

Spore formation is the term that is used for reproduction through spores. The spores are microscopic and are a reproductive body. When the spores are released into the area surrounding it, this develops into plants under the conditions if they are favourable. Examples include fungi.

Vegetative Propagation is also a kind of asexual reproduction where the new plant gets produced from stems, roots, buds, and leaves. 

Reproduction in Plants

Sexual Reproduction in Plants

Plants also have sexual reproduction. This occurs where there is a fusion of the gametes. This eventually gives seeds, which then develop into a new plant. The flowers are a part of the plant which goes through sexual reproduction. The male gametes are the pollen grains that get produced by the anthers. The female gametes are the ovule that gets produced by the pistils. When there is pollination, the male and the female gamete meet. These get fused by the process of fertilization, and then this gives birth to a new plant by the formation of fruit and seeds.

Pollination

Pollination is the process of transferring the pollen grain from the male flower parts from the anthers to the stigma that is the female part of the plant.

Types of Pollination

Pollination is of two kinds. When the pollen lands on the same flower stigma, then this is known as self-pollination. When the pollen lands on another flower's stigma, then this is cross-pollination.

Why are Revision Notes for Class 7 Chapter 8 - Reproduction in Plants Important?

• Provides quick, clear summaries of key concepts.

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Conclusion 

The notes for CBSE Class 7 provide a clear and thorough grasp of key concepts in Science - Reproduction in Plants. Students benefit from insights into the properties and characteristics of plant reproduction, including vital stages like pollination and seed dispersal. The well-organized format supports efficient revision, aiding in better retention. Practical examples and real-life applications enrich the understanding of the subject. These notes are essential for building a strong foundation in the fascinating world of plant reproduction and excelling academically. They've proven invaluable in helping students succeed in their studies.