Animal Jumps Class 5 Maths Chapter 13 CBSE Notes 2025-26

In this chapter, students explore the fascinating world of numbers through the fun analogies of animal jumps. The lesson introduces the ideas of factors and multiples using playful stories and interactive activities. It helps young learners recognize how numbers can be linked together and separated using multiplication and division, making the learning of mathematical concepts easy and engaging.

Discovering Multipliers and Factors When numbers are put into a box and changed by multiplying, the output numbers are always larger. For example, numbers like 28, 36, 48, and 72 can be made by multiplying a certain number with numbers inside the box. The numbers we use to multiply are called multipliers, and in this case, 1, 2, and 4 work as multipliers. These multipliers are also called factors of 28, 36, 48, and 72. Factors are numbers that divide another number exactly, with no remainder.

Arrays and Factorisation Students are encouraged to make arrays for numbers like 15 and 12, meaning to arrange them in rows and columns so that multiplication results in the original number. For example, 3×5=15, or 2×6=12, or 3×4=12. These arrays visually show children that numbers can be formed by multiplying different pairs of smaller numbers, which are factors of the main number.

• Factors of 12: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12.
• Factors of 15: 1, 3, 5, 15.
• Making arrays helps understand how numbers break down into factors.

Prime Numbers and Composite Numbers Not all numbers can be broken down into many factors. Numbers like 13 and 37 have only two factors: 1 and the number itself. These are called prime numbers. Prime numbers are important because they can’t be made by multiplying two smaller natural numbers (other than 1 and the number itself). Other numbers, like 12 or 15, are called composite numbers because they have more than two factors.

Common Multiples Using Number Lines The chapter describes using a number line to find common multiples between different numbers. For example, a rabbit jumps by 4 each time, and a frog jumps by 3. If both start at 0, the positions they land on together (such as 12) are called common multiples of 3 and 4. This is a helpful way to visualize how numbers match up at certain intervals.

• First common multiple of 3 and 4 is 12.
• Other common multiples: 24, 36, etc.
• Common multiples can be found by writing the multiplication tables of both numbers and finding numbers that appear in both lists.

The chapter also illustrates that the same activity can be repeated with different pairs, like a spider jumping by 3 and a grasshopper by 6. Multiples like 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 help students see how different intervals can line up over a number line.

Finding and Listing Multiples and Factors Students are given tasks to find five common multiples of various pairs of numbers like 2 and 3, 5 and 8, 6 and 9, and more. They are also told to list multiples for numbers, for example, 4: 4, 8, 12, 16, … and 6: 6, 12, 18, …, and then spot which numbers are common in both lists. This helps identify patterns and develop number sense.

Common Factors Jumping is also used to teach common factors. For example, Mowgli jumps by 2 steps to reach friends at 4, 12, 14, and 50 – here, 2 is a common factor of these numbers. Similarly, jumping by numbers like 3, 5, and 10, students can spot which numbers are divisible by those, which helps them find common factors in a fun way.

• To find if a number is a common factor, see if it divides each number in the set exactly.
• For 24 and 36, common factors include 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12.
• For 12 and 13, the only common factor is 1, since 13 is a prime number.

True or False Statements and Observations The chapter checks understanding through statements like “Factors of even numbers must be even” or “Multiples of odd numbers cannot be even.” Students are asked to mark these as True or False, encouraging critical thinking about number properties.

Here are some observations students must remember:

• The number 1 is a factor of every number.
• Every number is a factor and a multiple of itself.
• Zero is not a factor of any number.
• Two consecutive numbers only have 1 as a common factor.
• One of the common multiples of two consecutive numbers is their product.

Practice Activities Activities in the chapter help students apply what they have learned in real-life contexts, such as finding out which days Sher Khan and Bagheera hunt together (finding the lowest common multiple), or how Mowgli can avoid a house by choosing the right jump size. Sorting numbers according to whether they are divisible by 2, 5, or 10 makes children comfortable with divisibility.

Students also practice grouping numbers based on divisibility, like putting numbers into groups that are divisible by 2 only, 5 only, 10 only, and all three. This strengthens their division and factoring skills, and sharpens their number sense.

• Numbers like 30 and 40 are divisible by 2, 5, and 10.
• Numbers like 22, 56, 38, and 62 are divisible by 2 only.
• Numbers like 25, 45, 95, and 55 are divisible only by 5.

Key Points to Remember

• Factors are numbers that divide another number exactly with no remainder.
• Multiples are numbers created by multiplying a number by counting numbers (like 3, 6, 9 for 3).
• Prime numbers have exactly two factors: 1 and itself.
• Common factors and multiples help to connect two numbers, showing their relationship.
• Arrays help visualize how numbers can be made by multiplication.

The animal jump stories and activities allow children to explore the mathematical ideas of factors, multiples, prime and composite numbers, and divisibility in a hands-on and relatable way. By following the jumps and counting their positions, students get a clear and concrete picture of these basic but essential math concepts, setting a solid foundation for future learning.

CBSE Class 5 Maths Chapter 13 Notes – Animal Jumps: Key Concepts, Factors and Multiples

These concise revision notes for CBSE Class 5 Maths Chapter 13 Animal Jumps cover the fundamentals of factors, multiples, and prime numbers in a simple way. With activities based on animal jumps, students learn about common factors and multiples using relatable examples. This makes understanding maths patterns easy and engaging for quick pre-exam revision.

Use these notes to practice sorting numbers, making arrays, and identifying which numbers share factors and multiples. The clear steps and number line examples support strong problem-solving and build a confident maths foundation for Class 5 students.