Question

Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?
A. Ribosomal RNA - carries amino acids to the site of protein synthesis
B. Transcription - process by which protein is synthesized
C. Translation - process by which mRNA carries the information from nucleus to the ribosome
D. Anticodon - site of tRNA molecules that triple binds with the mRNA
E. Cistron - is a unit of mutation

Answer 1

Hint: The Central Dogma is the mechanism through which the DNA commands are transferred into a functional product. The central dogma of molecular genetics facilitates the distribution of genetic code, from DNA to RNA, into such a functional component, a protein.

Complete answer: Anticodon seems to be a triplet sequence equivalent to those of the corresponding codon in the mRNA sequence. An Anticodon is identified at one end of the RNA (tRNA) transfer molecule. During protein biosynthesis, each time amino acid results in the growing protein, tRNA creates base pairs with all its complementary sequence of mRNA molecules, guaranteeing that now the required amino acid is introduced into the protein. If, for example, the triplet is present as a codon on mRNA, therefore the tRNA could link to it as the Anticodon via three complementary base pairs with the triplet CGG (5'-3' direction: GGC). While this tRNA is loaded with alanine, this amino acid is bonded to the peptide chain that grows on the ribosome. A unique amino acid is allocated to the mRNA codon through the tRNA Anticodon. The mapping between codon and amino acid is called the genetic code. The mediators are just tRNA molecules that have a particular Anticodon on one side and a particular amino acid on another.
So, the correct answer is (D).

Note: Thus, the Anticodon is the site of tRNA (Transfer RNA) molecule that triple binds with the mRNA (messenger RNA) to specify particular amino acid in the course of protein synthesization. The very first two bases have to be fully compatible with the codon to enable hydrogen bonds to build in between base pairs, the third base may be non-complementary or altered, but it would still form a hydrogen bond between anticodon and also the codon. This is described as the Wobble Theory by Francis Crick. Due to these properties, it is the anticodon that tRNA hosts might identify several codons.