Question

Which among them is not a water borne disease?
A. Measles.
B. Typhoid
C. Dengue
D. Cholera

Answer 1

Hint: Waterborne diseases are those diseases that are caused by pathogenic microorganisms that thereafter transfer through contaminated water.
Various activities like drinking, bathing, washing etc. can lead to its transmission.

Complete answer-
To start with, we all should know about each disease to come to a conclusion.
Measles is caused by Rubella virus which spreads through air. In this disorder reddish vesicles or rashes appear on the neck first then spread over the body. It is cured by Measles, Mumps and Rubella vaccine i.e. MMR vaccine.
Dengue is caused by flavi-ribovirus. This occurs due to the bite of vector Aedes aegypti, which is found in clean water and bites during the day time. In the case of dengue aspirin and disprin is not given to the patient.
Typhoid is caused by Salmonella typhimurium through contaminated water or milk and sometimes through food. In this disorder an individual feels high fever but pulse is low, abdominal pain and patient passes frequent stools. This disease can be confirmed by a widal test. Teramycin and Chloromycetin antibodies are used for this disease. It is also known as Typhoid Mary as Mary Mallon was a cook who spread typhoid through food.
Finally, we have Cholera which is caused by Vibrio cholera. John Snow first demonstrated that cholera is caused by contaminated water. This disease can be examined by microscopic diagnosis of stools containing comma shaped bacteria.
So from the above discussion we can easily identify typhoid, cholera and dengue as the water borne disease while measles is an air borne disease.

So the right answer is option (A).

Note-
Risk factors of transmission of water borne diseases include poor hygienic conditions and absence of sanitization.
Diagnosis of waterborne diseases can either be done by culturing the bacteria or testing their DNA in the blood, stool or bone marrow.