Question

The rise of blood sugar above the normal level is
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Glucosuria
D. Glycolysis

Answer 1

Hint: It is the characteristic sign of diabetes mellitus. Abnormal blood sugar levels are found when there is either too much or little sugar in the blood. The cells in our bodies need glucose for energy — and we all need energy to move, think, learn and breathe.

Complete Answer:
- Blood glucose is sugar that is in your blood. It comes from the food that you eat — foods that contain carbohydrate, such as bread, pasta and fruit are the main contributors to blood glucose.
- Option A is correct as hyperglycemia means having high blood sugar levels which is dangerous and is the characteristic sign of diabetes mellitus.
- Option B is incorrect as hypoglycemia means having low blood sugar levels (below 60mg/dL) and can actually be a dangerous condition. This is common in diabetics when they take excess medication, skip meals or workout more than required.
- Option C is incorrect as glucosuria happens when you pass blood sugar (blood glucose) into your urine. Normally, your kidneys absorb blood sugar back into your blood vessels from any liquid that passes through them.
- Option D is incorrect as glycolysis is the process by which one molecule of glucose is converted into two molecules of pyruvate, two hydrogen ions and two molecules of water. The 'high energy' molecules of ATP and NADH are synthesised in this process.

So, the correct answer is option (A) i.e., Hyperglycemia.

Note: Fasting normal blood sugar:
1. Normal for a person: 70–99 mg/dl (3.9–5.5 mmol/L).
2. Normal blood sugar 2 hours after meals.
3. Normal for a person: Less than 140 mg/dl (7.8 mmol/L).