Question

The period of revolution of a charged particle inside a cyclotron does not depend on:
A. The magnetic induction
B. The charge of the particle
C. The velocity of the particle
D. The mass of the particle

Answer 1

Hint: Cyclotron hastens up charged particles to very large scales energies. Its working principle is: When a charged particle such as electron and proton moves normally to a magnetic field, it experiences magnetic force and moves in a circular path.

Complete step by step solution:
Cyclotron: A cyclotron is an accelerator of particles. It is a powered electrical machine producing a beam of charged parts which is used for medical purpose, industrial and investigational applications. Cyclotron was invented by Ernest O. Lawrence in \[1929 - 1930\] at the University of California. In an outward path from the center of a flat, cylindrical vacuum chamber, a cyclotron accelerates charged particles. The particles are tracked by a static magnetic field on a spiral trajectory and accelerated through a quickly varying electric field (radio frequency). For this invention, Lawrence received the \[1939\] Nobel Prize for Physics.

Velocity: The velocity of an object is the rate of change of position relative to a reference framework and depends on time. Velocity is equivalent to the specified speed and direction of motion of an object (e.g. northward \[60\,{\text{km/h}}\]). Velocity, the branch of classical mechanics which describes the motion of bodies, is a fundamental concept in kinematics.

The particle moves in a plane perpendicular to B when the velocity of a charged particle is perpendicular to a uniform B magnetic field. This motion is referred to as a cyclotron. Here is the necessary magnetic force to keep the particle in a circle motion.

Here,
\[
  {F_B} = qvB \\
   = \dfrac{{m{v^2}}}{r} \\
 \]
Or,
\[r = mv/qB\]
So, the period of revolution,
\[T = \dfrac{{2\pi r}}{v} = \dfrac{{2\pi m}}{{qB}}\]
The revolution period does not therefore depend on velocity, \[v\].

Hence, the required answer is C.

Note: When the velocity of a charged particle is perpendicular to a uniform B magnetic field, the particle moves in a plane perpendicular to B. This motion is termed a cyclotron. Here's the magnetic force needed to keep the particle in motion in a circle.