Question

The filter capacitor used with the rectifier is usually __________type.
A) Mica
B) Ceramic
C) Paper
D) Electrolytic

Answer 1

Hint: In the capacitor, the variation of heat depends on the element we have used and it also depends on the design of the rectifier and the output voltage.

Complete step by step solution:
In rectifiers, most commonly aluminium electrolytic capacitors are used on the output side of the half-wave rectifier and full-wave rectifier. The value of the rectifier and voltage of the rectifier depends on the design of the rectifier.
If the voltage is less than $10\,V$ tantalum capacitor is used and it is preferred for better efficiency.
The function of the capacitor at the rectifier is used to store the energy up to the very high input level of the voltage, and the capacitor releases the input voltage down, to maintain the output voltage at the same level.

If the high voltage rectifier is used where electrolytic capacitors are not suitable because they are melted. Electrostatic capacitors are sometimes preferred where the sudden increase of the voltage.
The electrolytic type of capacitors is most commonly used for filtering and bypassing capacitors, there is no need to narrow tolerance. Due to their high capacitance values aluminium, electrolytic capacitors have a very low value of impedance, even at very low frequencies like directly at the mains frequency.

Therefore, from the above options, option D is correct.

Note: In this case, if ceramic is used as a capacitor, it directly emits the heat outside the element. It is only a heat resistance particle. Compared to the mica, ceramic emits the heat rapidly. But electrolytic is emitting the heat gradually depending on the voltage and design of the rectifier