Answer
Verified
452.1k+ views
Hint: Aniline undergoes substitution reaction with nitrous acid giving benzene diazonium salt which further undergoes Sandmeyer reaction giving the chlorobenzene product.
Complete answer :
Aniline is an aromatic compound. When one hydrogen is replaced by $N{H_2}$ on a benzene ring; aniline is formed. We know the property of aromatic compounds that they are not so reactive due to resonance. But the compounds can undergo substitution reactions.
The conversion of aniline to chlorobenzene on a whole is a substitution reaction only.
In the first step, aniline is diazotized with $NaN{O_2}$ and HCl to give benzene diazonium chloride. The reaction occurs as –
First, $NaN{O_2}$ reacts with HCl giving nitrous acid. This nitrous acid reacts with aniline giving benzene diazonium salt as –
The aniline undergoes reaction with nitrous acid giving benzene diazonium chloride, NaCl and water molecules.
The benzene diazonium chloride then undergoes reaction in presence of Cu and HCl giving chlorobenzene. This reaction is known as the Sandmeyer reaction. It can be presented as -
When benzene diazonium chloride undergoes reaction; Nitrogen gas is released as a byproduct which confirms the reaction.
Note :
We are normally asked to prepare aromatic compounds from aniline but not benzene because benzene is exceptionally stable and is less reactive. So, one can not easily perform any reaction with benzene.
For the preparation of benzene diazonium salt from aniline, we require cold conditions.
Complete answer :
Aniline is an aromatic compound. When one hydrogen is replaced by $N{H_2}$ on a benzene ring; aniline is formed. We know the property of aromatic compounds that they are not so reactive due to resonance. But the compounds can undergo substitution reactions.
The conversion of aniline to chlorobenzene on a whole is a substitution reaction only.
In the first step, aniline is diazotized with $NaN{O_2}$ and HCl to give benzene diazonium chloride. The reaction occurs as –
First, $NaN{O_2}$ reacts with HCl giving nitrous acid. This nitrous acid reacts with aniline giving benzene diazonium salt as –
The aniline undergoes reaction with nitrous acid giving benzene diazonium chloride, NaCl and water molecules.
The benzene diazonium chloride then undergoes reaction in presence of Cu and HCl giving chlorobenzene. This reaction is known as the Sandmeyer reaction. It can be presented as -
When benzene diazonium chloride undergoes reaction; Nitrogen gas is released as a byproduct which confirms the reaction.
Note :
We are normally asked to prepare aromatic compounds from aniline but not benzene because benzene is exceptionally stable and is less reactive. So, one can not easily perform any reaction with benzene.
For the preparation of benzene diazonium salt from aniline, we require cold conditions.
Recently Updated Pages
How many sigma and pi bonds are present in HCequiv class 11 chemistry CBSE
Mark and label the given geoinformation on the outline class 11 social science CBSE
When people say No pun intended what does that mea class 8 english CBSE
Name the states which share their boundary with Indias class 9 social science CBSE
Give an account of the Northern Plains of India class 9 social science CBSE
Change the following sentences into negative and interrogative class 10 english CBSE
Trending doubts
Fill the blanks with the suitable prepositions 1 The class 9 english CBSE
The Equation xxx + 2 is Satisfied when x is Equal to Class 10 Maths
In Indian rupees 1 trillion is equal to how many c class 8 maths CBSE
Which are the Top 10 Largest Countries of the World?
How do you graph the function fx 4x class 9 maths CBSE
Give 10 examples for herbs , shrubs , climbers , creepers
Difference Between Plant Cell and Animal Cell
Difference between Prokaryotic cell and Eukaryotic class 11 biology CBSE
Why is there a time difference of about 5 hours between class 10 social science CBSE