Question

Seville Strategy which was adopted in the Madrid Action Plan is related to which of the following?
A) Protection of the ozone layer
B) Biosphere reserves
C) Marine ecosystems
D) Coral reefs

Answer 1

Hint: Human activity has resulted in immediate threat to several ecosystems as well as abiotic components of our environment like the ozone layer. In order to try and reduce damage and protect these, several international plans have been put into action, including the Madrid Action Plan.

Complete Answer:
- In 1995, at Seville, an international conference on protecting bioreserves was held. This aimed to put into place several points including conserving all genetic resources, ecosystems and landscapes; promoting socio-economic development that is also ecologically sustainable, and utilising both scientific and technical support to ensure that any such projects involve both training and education and remain viable indefinitely into the future.
- Based on the Seville Strategy, the Madrid Action Plan was adopted in 2008 at the World Congress of Biosphere Reserves. This had the main aim of making biospheres not just local, but internationally designated areas which go beyond the simple concept of being only reserves.
- They are to be model zones of ecological and scientific development to demonstrate that sustainability and technological advances can go hand in hand and benefit the local populations.
- The ozone layer, marine ecosystems, and coral reefs are not biological reserves. Options A, D, and D are incorrect.
- Biological reserves are the aim of the Madrid Action Plan. Option B is the correct answer.

Hence the correct answer is option B.

Note: The first Biosphere Action Plan which was approved by UNESCO was actually formulated at Minsk in Russia in 1994. As time progresses, the demands, conflicts, and needs are altered, therefore new action plans are formulated.