Question

Several hormones like hCG, hPL, Oestrogen, Progesterone are produced by
A) Ovary
B) Placenta
C) Fallopian tube
D) Pituitary

Answer 1

Hint:Let us first understand what are hCG, hPL, Oestrogen and Progesterone. Progesterone and estrogen are the steroid hormones that are essential for reproductive and sexual development of women. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), human placental lactogen (hPL) are the proteinaceous hormones that are necessary during pregnancy.

Complete answer:
 Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a hormone produced by trophoblast cells that lines a developing embryo that eventually forms the placenta. It is the maternal recognition of pregnancy.

Human placental lactogen (hPL) is also known as human chorionic somatomammotropin (HCS). It is a placental hormone that forms the placental lactogen. Its structure and function are parallel to human growth hormone.

Estrogen and progesterone are the sex haemones that helps in the regulation of secondary sex harmone. They also help in regulation of the menstrual cycle and play a vital role during pregnancy in women. These two steroid hormones are produced by placenta.

Progesterone supports the lining of the womb or uterus that provides the environment for the development of the fetus and placenta.along with these hormones, relaxin, placental growth hormone and kisspeptin are also produced by placenta that provides support during gestation period in pregnancy.

Therefore the correct answer is option (B) i.e, Placenta.

Note: In women, estoril is the major estrogen hormone produced by the placenta. A unique group of estrogen is synthesised by equine placenta that is not found in any other animals. Along with placenta, ovaries also produce estrogen and progesterone hormones.