Question

In saturated compounds , carbon atoms are bond to one another by :
A.Single bond
B.Double bond
C.Triple bond
D.Both B and C

Answer 1

Hint: Hydrocarbons are mainly classified into two categories - acyclic and cyclic . These are further classified into various categories . Of these alkanes and cycloalkanes are saturated compounds and the other hydrocarbons are unsaturated .

Complete step by step answer:
Saturated hydrocarbons can be either cyclic or acyclic . The acyclic saturated hydrocarbons are called paraffins ( It is a latin word which means parum = little and affinis = affinity ) since they are relatively unreactive towards most of the reagents such as acids , bases , oxidising and reducing agents . However , under drastic , i.e. , at high temperature and pressure , alkanes do undergo different types of reactions like halogenation ,nitration , sulphonation and pyrolysis .
They do not react because they do not have reactive centres .
The alkanes and cycloalkanes contain a single bond and hence are saturated .

To check whether a compound is saturated or not we can perform certain tests :
Bromine water test - When alkanes react with bromine water there is no change in colour but when alkenes and alkynes react with it , bromine water becomes colourless .
Baeyer's solution - There is no change in colour when it reacts with alkanes but with alkenes and alkynes it becomes colourless .

Therefore, option A is correct.


Note: The other hydrocarbons ( alkenes, alkynes , aromatic hydrocarbons and others ) contain a mixture of single , double and triple bond but we cant say a compound is saturated if it has a single bond. The condition for a compound to be saturated is that all the bonds in hydrocarbons should be singly bonded .