Question

What is ground wave propagation? Explain why this mode cannot be used for long distance communication using high frequencies?

Answer 1

Hint:To answer this question, we first need to understand about wave propagation. The radiated power from the current carrying conductor generates electromagnetic waves. A portion of the induced power escapes and propagates into free space as an Electromagnetic wave, which has a time-varying electrical field, a magnetic field, and propagation directions that are orthogonal to each other.

Complete answer:
Ground wave propagation: Ground wave propagation is a form of signal transmission in which the signal travels along the ground's surface, and it's used to provide regional coverage on the long and medium wave bands.

On the LF and MF bands of the radio spectrum, ground wave propagation is especially important. Ground wave radio propagation is used to provide relatively local radio communications coverage, especially by radio broadcast stations that may cover a specific geographic area.

Reason for which this mode cannot be used for long distance communication using high
frequencies. The degree of attenuation is primarily determined by the wave's frequency and is proportional to it. Because of the high losses, ground wave propagation is not ideal for high frequency. Ground wave propagation is the method of transmitting waves over the ground.

Note: As they penetrate to a considerable depth into seawater, ground wave propagation may be used for one-way contact from the military to submerged submarines.Ground waves can be used to relay AM, FM, and television signals.