Question

Explain the process of formation of complex proteins.

Answer 1

Hint: The peptide bonds and covalent bonds that bind the amino acids together to maintain the structure of the proteins. Amino acids are the building blocks of the proteins and we can call amino acids are the monomer and proteins are the polymers.

Complete answer:
- In the question it is asked to mention the process of formation of complex proteins.
- The peptide bond in between the amino acids in peptides are going to be formed by the reaction of one amine group in one amino acid with the carboxyl group of another amino acid.
- If a polymer contains more than ten peptides, then it is called a polypeptide.
- A lot of polypeptides combine and form proteins.
- There are four types of structures possible in case of proteins.
- The four possible structures of proteins are primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary.
- The amino acids link together to form the primary structure.
- In the secondary structure of proteins there is a presence of alpha and beta helices together.
- The formed secondary structure folds into three dimensional structure with the help of hydrogen bonds and forms a tertiary structure.
- The protein binds with each other through non-covalent interactions and forms a quaternary structure called complex protein.

Note: The examples for the complex protein are hemoglobin, collagen and etc. If there is a change or mistake happens in the primary structure then it contributes alterations in secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures of the protein and it leads to a lot of mutations and causes several health issues.