Question

During the process of decomposition, in which stage complex organic matter is converted into inorganic ions and salts by fungi?
A.Mineralization
B.Catabolism
C.Fragmentation
D.All of the above

Answer 1

Hint: Decomposition is defined as the process of conversation of dead organic material into simpler organic matter or inorganic ions and salts by the action of saprophytes or by bacteria and the fungi. Decomposition process is completed in different stages by different steps.

Complete answer:
1.Mineralization :- Mineralization is the major step of the process of decomposition, here complex organic matter is broken into simpler inorganic ions and salts. It increases the availability of the inorganic material for the growth of the plants and provides proper nutrition to the plants.
2.Catabolism :- catabolism is simply defined as the process of breakdown of complex molecules into simpler molecules in living organisms, it also releases energy in a large number and the process of catabolism is also known as the destruction metabolism.
3.Fragmentation :- fragmentation is define as the process of breaking of one big molecules into small fragments, it is also a mode of reproduction in asexual type of reproduction in this process organisms split into different fragments and every fragment get converted into a new organism.
So from the above description we can say that mineralization is the process which converts the complex organic matter into inorganic ions and salts in the process of decomposition.

Hence the correct answer is OPTION(A)

Note: 1.Mineralization process mainly occurs in the upper layer of the soil to make the soil rich in all nutrients which are essential for growth of plants.
2.The humus, productive layer is formed by the process of mineralization.