
Decrease \[(\, - I\,)\] effect of given is
\[I.\, \,CN\]
\[II.\, \,N{O_2}\]
\[III.\, \,N{H_2}\]
\[IV.\, \,F\]
\[A.\, \,II > I > IV > III\]
\[B.\, \,II > III > IV > I\]
\[C.\, \,III > II > IV > I\]
\[D.\, \,III > II > I > IV\]
Answer
444.6k+ views
Hint: $-I$ effect is described about the magnitude of positive charge on an atom. When the magnitude of positive charge on an atom decreases, the -I effect also decreases. Order of -I effect is given as follows;
\[
^ + N{F_3}\, > {\,^ + }N{R_3}\, > {\,^ + }N{H_3}\, > \, - N{O_2}\, > \, - CN\, > - S{O_3}H\, > \, - CHO\, > \, - CO\, \\
> \, - COOH\, > \, - COCl\, > \, - F\, > \, - Br\, > \, - I\, > \, - OH\, > \, - OR\, > \,N{H_2}\, > \, - H\, \\
\]
Complete step-by-step answer:
Inductive effect is the phenomenon of the permanent dipole. It arises in a molecule due to the unequal sharing of the bonding electrons in a molecule.
The Inductive effect arises due to the \[\sigma \] bonds whereas in the electromeric effect arises in \[\pi \] bonds.
The atom with higher electronegativity withdraws electron density and shows the covalent bonds between two atoms of different electronegativity.
The Inductive effect generally considered by the transmitted through the framework of a molecule. The electronegativity of an element is usually a measure of its ability to attract electrons. It is on ring substituent because they are related to the concept of electronegativity.
Salient features of the inductive effect:
1.It arises due to the difference in electronegativity between two atoms forming a sigma bond.
2.It transmitted through the \[\sigma \] bonds. No \[\pi \] bonds are involved.
3.The magnitude of the inductive effect decreases as it is moving away from the group.
4.It is a permanent effect and can create permanent dipoles in the molecule.
5.It influences the physical and chemical properties of the compounds.
6.It is relatively weaker and overshadowed by resonance effect, hyperconjugation, etc.
Hence the decreasing order of -I effect is given as follows;
\[N{O_2}\, > \,CN\, > \,F\, > \,N{H_2}\]
Therefore, the correct option will be \[A.\,\,II > I > IV > III\]
So, the answer is option(A).
Note: The -I effect is the concept of in organic chemistry which refers to the interaction of charge on adjacent atoms. Inductive effects are of two types, the first one the electron withdrawing group (EWG) or electron releasing group (ERG) shows -I effects and the second type is the electron donating groups (EDG) shows +I effect.
\[
^ + N{F_3}\, > {\,^ + }N{R_3}\, > {\,^ + }N{H_3}\, > \, - N{O_2}\, > \, - CN\, > - S{O_3}H\, > \, - CHO\, > \, - CO\, \\
> \, - COOH\, > \, - COCl\, > \, - F\, > \, - Br\, > \, - I\, > \, - OH\, > \, - OR\, > \,N{H_2}\, > \, - H\, \\
\]
Complete step-by-step answer:
Inductive effect is the phenomenon of the permanent dipole. It arises in a molecule due to the unequal sharing of the bonding electrons in a molecule.
The Inductive effect arises due to the \[\sigma \] bonds whereas in the electromeric effect arises in \[\pi \] bonds.
The atom with higher electronegativity withdraws electron density and shows the covalent bonds between two atoms of different electronegativity.
The Inductive effect generally considered by the transmitted through the framework of a molecule. The electronegativity of an element is usually a measure of its ability to attract electrons. It is on ring substituent because they are related to the concept of electronegativity.
Salient features of the inductive effect:
1.It arises due to the difference in electronegativity between two atoms forming a sigma bond.
2.It transmitted through the \[\sigma \] bonds. No \[\pi \] bonds are involved.
3.The magnitude of the inductive effect decreases as it is moving away from the group.
4.It is a permanent effect and can create permanent dipoles in the molecule.
5.It influences the physical and chemical properties of the compounds.
6.It is relatively weaker and overshadowed by resonance effect, hyperconjugation, etc.
Hence the decreasing order of -I effect is given as follows;
\[N{O_2}\, > \,CN\, > \,F\, > \,N{H_2}\]
Therefore, the correct option will be \[A.\,\,II > I > IV > III\]
So, the answer is option(A).
Note: The -I effect is the concept of in organic chemistry which refers to the interaction of charge on adjacent atoms. Inductive effects are of two types, the first one the electron withdrawing group (EWG) or electron releasing group (ERG) shows -I effects and the second type is the electron donating groups (EDG) shows +I effect.
Recently Updated Pages
Master Class 12 Economics: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 12 Maths: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 12 Biology: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 12 Physics: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 12 Business Studies: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 12 English: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Trending doubts
Which are the Top 10 Largest Countries of the World?

What is a transformer Explain the principle construction class 12 physics CBSE

Differentiate between homogeneous and heterogeneous class 12 chemistry CBSE

Draw a labelled sketch of the human eye class 12 physics CBSE

What are the major means of transport Explain each class 12 social science CBSE

What is the Full Form of PVC, PET, HDPE, LDPE, PP and PS ?
