Question

DEAE cellulose is used in
(a) Calorimetry
(b) Ion exchange chromatography
(c) HPLC
(d) Electrophoresis

Answer 1

Hint: DEAE cellulose is used in an analytical technique for separation purification and identification of different chemical constituents of complex mixtures or solutions based on the difference in their distribution between two immiscible phases.

Complete answer:
Diethylaminoethyl cellulose is a positively charged resin used in ion- exchange chromatography. It is used in protein and nucleic acid purification or separation.
Chromatography is a technique of separating molecular components of a mixture by using the principle of partition coefficient due to which different molecules move at different rates through a stationary phase and get separated. Chromatography is of several types and one of the types is Ion Exchange Chromatography.
In ion- exchange chromatography, beads of cellulose and other materials having negative and/ or positive charges are placed in a column. The mixture is poured over the column. As the mixture passes through the column, its constituents separate according to their charges. The technique is used in the purification of insulin, plasma fractionation, and separation of proteins.

Additional Information:
- The first chromatographic separation was accomplished by Russian Botanist Mikhail Tsewett in 1906 for the separation of chlorophylls and other pigments from plant extracts.
- Chromatography relies on the phenomenon of differential distribution of constituents of a mixture or solution between two immiscible phases due to their selective adsorption and differential migration.
- It requires propelling forces for moving the molecules, and a selective impedance for slowing down the movement of selected molecules.
So, the correct answer is '(b) Ion- exchange chromatography'.

Note:
- The sample to be analyzed chromatographically is called the solute. It is allowed to interact with two physically different and mutually immiscible phases namely, mobile phase and stationary phase.
- The mobile phase moves the solute through the sorbent. During this, the molecular components of the solute get distributed between the mobile and stationary phases.