Question

Complete the following reaction:
 $HN{O_3} + C \to ....... + ...... + ......$
$\left( A \right)C{O_2},N{O_2},{H_2}O$
$\left( B \right)CO,NO,{H_2}O$
$\left( C \right)C{O_2},N{H_2},{H_2}O$
$\left( D \right)C{O_2},NO,{H_2}O$

Answer 1

Hint: Carbon has two allotropes which are graphite and diamond. After seeing the options we can say that this reaction will be a redox reaction. $HN{O_3}$ is a nitric acid which is a mineral acid. Mineral acids are very strong acids .

Complete answer:
In the reaction the carbon reacts with nitric acid and gives carbon dioxide. The reaction taking place is termed as a redox reaction . A redox reaction is a reaction in which both the oxidation and reduction takes simultaneously.
Oxidation is when the reactant loses electrons, removal of hydrogen takes place or oxygen is added.
and reduction is when the reactant gains electrons, addition of hydrogen or removal of oxygen takes place .
Here the carbon will react with nitric acid and form carbon dioxide. It means carbon is getting oxidised. Simultaneously the nitric acid will give nitrogen dioxide which means reduction is taking place .
So , we can write the above reaction :
$HN{O_3} + C \to C{O_2} + N{O_2} + {H_2}O$

So, the option $\left( A \right)$ is correct.

Note:
Other reactions of carbon are :
Carbon reacts with halogens: Graphite which is one of the allotropes of carbon reacts with fluorine at high temperature forms $C{H_4}$, ${C_2}{F_6}$,${C_5}{F_{12}}$. So, it gives a mixture of graphite fluoride .
Carbon does not react with water under normal conditions. Carbon here is either diamond or graphite. When water is boiled , then carbon will react with water and give hydrogen , carbon monoxide , carbon dioxide , nitrogen and methane .
 Carbon burns in air and forms two types of oxide which are carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide is formed when there is incomplete combustion .
$C + {O_2} \to C{O_2}$