Question

Common cold differs from pneumonia as pneumonia
(a)Is communicable while common cold is a deficiency disease
(b)Can be prevented by vaccine while common cold has no vaccine
(c)Is caused by a virus while common cold is caused by the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae
(d)Infects alveoli while common cold affects nose and respiratory passage but not lungs

Answer 1

Hint: Common cold is minor and goes away on its own with rest and fluids. But common cold symptoms can sometimes overlap with more serious ailments, such as bronchitis and pneumonia. All three may cause tiredness, but only pneumonia might cause a high fever, chills, or nausea.

Complete answer:
Pneumonia infection causes inflammation in the air sacs or alveoli in the lungs. The alveoli fill up with fluid or pus that makes it difficult to breathe. Additionally, the germs that cause pneumonia are contagious which means it can spread from person to person. Both viral and bacterial types of pneumonia can spread to other people through inhalation of airborne droplets from a sneeze or cough. On the other hand, a common cold is a viral infection of the nose and throat and typically of the upper respiratory tract. It is not as harmful as pneumonia.

Additional information:
Symptoms of pneumonia include:
-coughing may result in the production of phlegm (mucus)
-fever
-chills
-shortness of breath even while resting
- severe chest pain while coughing
-feelings of tiredness or fatigue
loss of appetite
-nausea or vomiting
-headaches
Symptoms of a common cold include:
-Runny or stuffy nose
-Sore throat
-Cough
-Congestion
-Slight body aches or a mild headache
-Sneezing
-Low-grade fever
So, the correct answer is option (d) 'Infects alveoli while common cold affects the nose and respiratory passage but not lungs'.

Note: Pneumonia caused by bacteria is most commonly caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Other causes include:
-Mycoplasma pneumoniae
-Haemophilus influenzae
-Legionella pneumophila
Viral pneumonia or respiratory viruses are the most common cause of pneumonia. Some examples include:
-influenza (flu)
-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
-rhinoviruses (common cold)
Fungal pneumonia can be caused by:
-Pneumocystis jirovecii
-Cryptococcus species
-Histoplasmosis species