Question

Cleistogamy occurs in
A)Ficus
B)Commelina
C)Anthocephalus
D)Vallisneria

Answer 1

Hint: In flowering plants, male and female gametes are produced in the pollen grain and embryo sac respectively. These gametes are non-motile, that is do not move, therefore, they have to be brought together for fertilisation. Pollination is the mechanism to get the result of this objective. The transfer of pollen grains to the stigma is called pollination

Complete answer:
Cleistogamy: A type of condition in which the flower does not open. In such flowers, the anthers and stigma are very close to each other. When anther dehisce in the flower buds, pollen grains come in contact with stigma to affect pollination. Some plants such as Viola (common pansy), Oxalis and Commelina help to give rise to both types of flowers, i.e., open flowers (chasmogamous) and closed flowers (cleistogamous).
Advantage of Cleistogamy:
1.It makes sure seed formation even in the absence of any pollinating agent.
2.It is cheaper for the plant as there is no costly nectar or fragrance which the plant has to produce for pollination.

Now let us find solution from given options: -
Ficus : It has an open type of flower so it undergoes cross pollination hence it has chasmogamous flowers. It belongs to pteridophytes. It undergoes dichogamy.
Commelina : It has a close type of flower so it undergoes self-pollination so has a cleistogamous flower.
Anthocephalus : It has an open type of flower so it undergoes cross pollination hence it has chasmogamous flowers.
Vallisneria : The male and female flowers are produced in two separate plants. So, it prevents autogamy thus having chasmogamous flowers.

Hence, the correct answer is option (B)

Note: Some advantages of cleistogamy include the individual produced have limited genetic variability. Cleistogamy is an adaptation seen in self-pollination. The other adaptation includes bisexuality that is both the essential whorls are present in the same flower.