Question

Chemical responsible for the Bhopal gas tragedy were
(a) $C{{O}_{2}}$ and $C{{H}_{4}}$
(b) Phosgene and methyl isocyanate
(c) Polychlorinated biphenyls
(d) Dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane

Answer 1

Hint: The organic chemical compound having characteristics to that of freshly cut hay or grass. This chemical is used in urethanes and polycarbonate plastics. The other compound is produced from amines by phosgenation.

Complete step by step answer:
- The UCC facility used three tanks to store 15000 gallons of liquid MIC produced which and it had to be kept struggling using inert nitrogen which helped the pumping of MIC when needed and also kept impurities cornered.
- The chemical change utilized in the Bhopal plant controlled a reaction of methylamine with phosgene to make MIC, which was further reacted with 1- naphthol to offer the ultimate product known as carbaryl.
Phosgene - $COC{{l}_{2}}$
Isocyanate - RNCO
So, the correct answer is, ‘Phosgene and methyl isocyanate.’

Additional information:
Bhopal gas tragedy:
- On the night of 2nd - 3 rd December, methyl isocyanate (MIC) a deadly gas leaked over the city of Bhopal from the plant of union carbide India Limited(UCIL) at Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh which manufactured pesticides.
- The vent- gas scrubber, a security device designer to neutralize toxic dis- charge from the MIC system, had been turned off three weeks prior.
- Pressure and warmth from the vigorous chemical reaction within the tank continued to create.
- The gas flare safety system was out of work for 3 months.
The leak and its effects:
- Within hours of leakage of gas, the streets of Bhopal were suffering from human corpses and even, therefore, the carcasses of buffaloes, cows, dogs and birds.
- The disaster resulted in people suffering from ailments such as anaemia, tuberculosis but nobody could find the complete health effects caused by MIC and how to treat it.
Reason:
- Negligent management and poor maintenance standards were being observed which results in the routine pipe maintenance to backflow of water into the MIC tank triggering the disasters claimed by the govt, while at the same time UCC still claims that it was caused by water entering the tank because of some act of sabotage.
- The MIC supervisor ignored the complaint by the plant workers of pollution caused by the MIC leak and made the decision to consider it after the tea time which provides the gas enough time to escape and spread to the city.
- Even after this error, the alarm for the residents near the plant wasn't wanted for its function and most of the people figured it out once they began to feel its symptoms.

Note:
- The safety regulations specified that the maximum 50% of the tank should be used for storage.
- The disadvantage of using MIC was that it had to be stored at 0 degrees Centigrade in the least time to stay inert.
- The MIC safety systems not working to their full efficiency, water from a connecting pipe was introduced within the E610 tank causing a catastrophic chemical reaction damaging the system and causing the leak of MIC.