Question

Blood plasma contains
A. $60\% $ of water
B. $80\% $of water
C. $90\% $of water
D. $98\% $ of water

Answer 1

Hint: Blood consists of four components: Plasma, White blood cell (WBC), Platelets and Red blood cell (RBC). WBC (leukocytes) refine and preserve the body from diseases. Platelets play an important role in blood coagulation. RBC (erythrocyte) plays an important role in carrying oxygen from the lungs to tissue and carrying back carbon dioxide to the lungs.

Complete answer:
In the blood plasma, blood cells are suspended. It constitutes about $55\% $of blood fluid which is mostly water i.e. around $90\% $ by volume and contains protein (including main protein albumin), glucose, mineral ions, hormones, carbon dioxide, immunoglobulins, clotting factors and fibrinogen. Plasma performs various functions: Transporting blood cells and nutrients, Governing the body mineral salts and water, Irrigation tissues, giving a defence against disorders and Coagulating blood.
The albumin incorporated in plasma staves off the blood from forfeiting excessive water and consistency as it drifts through narrow, water-permeable blood vessels (capillaries). Albumin transfers several blood components and nutrients. The immunoglobulins furthermore included in plasma are antibodies, along with white blood cells, play a crucial function in fighting against pathogens. Clotting factors, in assortment with platelets, manage haemorrhaging.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Note: A shortage of these proteins i.e. albumin can result in several health crises. For example, the absence of albumin can govern the inability to maintain water in the vessels, the scarcity of immunoglobulins can direct to a decrease in the body immune defences and a scarcity of clotting factors can direct to blood clotting irregularities.