Question

Bacterial cell wall is made up of
A) Cellulose
B) Hemicellulose
C) Cellulose and hemicellulose
D) Peptidoglycan
E) Glycogen

Answer 1

Hint: For different species of plants, animals, bacteria, algae, fungi have different types of cell wall structures, and this all because of the formative stage and cell type. Cell walls provide protection and structural support to the cells.

Complete answer:
Let us study the options to find the correct answer:
Option A: In plants cell wall cellulose is the main component as it provides stiffness and support to the cell wall, humans cannot digest cellulose but the human body needs it as an important fiber but in bacteria cell wall there is no cellulose, and some bacteria can produce cellulose. Therefore, this is an incorrect answer.

Option B: Hemicellulose is a type of heteropolymer which is also present in the plant cell wall along with cellulose and this molecule not present in the bacterial cell wall. Therefore, this is an incorrect answer.
Option C: Hemicellulose and cellulose both are bound to each other as a short-chain polysaccharide in the plant's cell wall and as discussed above cellulose and hemicellulose both are not present in the bacterial cell wall. Therefore, this is an incorrect option.

Option D: In microorganisms the cell wall is the external layer to the cell film, in the bacteria cell wall is made up of peptidoglycan that is made up of disaccharides and amino acids. There is a gram-positive and gram-negative type of bacteria and both can have peptidoglycan cell walls as it gives shape to the layers of the cell wall and provides structure to it. Therefore, this is the correct answer.

Option E: Glycogen is a type of glucose polysaccharide which is present in the form of energy in plants, fungi, and bacteria. Therefore, this is an incorrect answer.

Additional information: Polysaccharide is a type of molecule which is found in plants and animals cell wall and glycoprotein are also present in the cell wall as it works in structure, immunity, etc.

Thus, the correct answer is option (D) Peptidoglycan.

Note: The function of cell wall is as follows,
-It helps in maintaining the cell integrity and shape during bacterial growth.
-It also helps in resisting internal turgor pressure.
-It protects the cell against mechanical stress.