Question

An $\alpha $-particle is identical with
(A) Proton
(B) Neutron
(C) Helium nucleus
(D) Electron

Answer 1

Hint: The two protons and two neutrons that make up the composite alpha particle ($\alpha $) are tightly bound to one another. During an alpha-decay process, a type of radioactive decay, they are liberated from the radionuclide's nucleus. When a radioactive element experiences alpha decay, the alpha particles are released.

Complete step by step solution:
A helium nucleus without electrons is what makes an alpha particle ($\alpha$). It is a positively charged particle. Because they are heavy, alpha particles move far more slowly than light. As the alpha particles move through the substance, they transfer energy from the radiation to the atoms or molecules that make up the substance.
Correct Option: (C) Helium nucleus.

Additional Information: Alpha, beta, and gamma rays are three distinct forms of radiation that radioactive substances release, according to British physicist Ernest Rutherford. Among the three different types of rays, alpha particles are the heaviest particles. At close range, a large number of atoms can be ionised by alpha radiation. It's because wearing rubber gloves is a necessity before handling radioactive items that release alpha particles.

Note: Alpha particles constitute the alpha rays, which have low penetrating power. It can not penetrate even a piece of paper or the top layer of human skin. Therefore, it doesn't harm the human body. The mass of the alpha ray is $6.6466\times {{10}^{-27}}Kg$.