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Mathematical Model Explained for Students

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Definition types steps to build a mathematical model with examples

A mathematical model describes a system by using mathematical concepts and language. The process through which a mathematical model is developed is called mathematical modelling.


The importance of mathematical models is vast as it has considerable stretch in natural science, which includes physics, biology, chemistry, earth science as well as in engineering disciplines consisting of computer science, electrical engineering. Furthermore, mathematical modelling has a strong presence in non-physical systems which includes subjects like economics, sociology, political science etc. Mathematical models assist in elaborate systems, to learn the effects of different components and to provide predictions about behaviour. In short, mathematics can be applied as a medium to model or represent the real world.


In this section, students will learn about the maths model based on mathematical concepts from class 5-10. Students who are willing to get a clear mathematical concept regarding their respective syllabus can easily refer to this discussion while preparing a maths model.


Maths Models for Class 10

Studies are no longer restricted to only reading, writing and revising. To create various math models, students of class 10 can easily depend on their respective syllabus and several mathematical formulas. Below is a discussion of some ideas using which 10th standard students can make various math models.

1. Circumference of Different Types of Triangles

Exhibit the construction of different types of the triangle by using colourful papers and threads to locate the circumference of the given shape.


2. Venn Diagram of Sets

First, pick up a chart and draw the Venn Diagram of the universal set carrying subsets. Next, distinguish all the subsets using various colour pencils.


3. Representation of Circles, Tangents, Radius, Secant, Chords, Sector-

Draw out different types of circles and its tangents radius, secant, chords, sector in a paper chart.


Maths Model for Class 9

Students of class 9th standard can make use of the following models based on their syllabus.

1. Area of Rhombus

At first draw out a rectangle and outline it with a colour pencil. Then, draw a rhombus inside the rectangle and fill it with a different colour. Connect the corners of the rhombus with a dotted line. This model helps to prove that the area of the rhombus is half of the area of a rectangle.


2. Angle Sum Property of Quadrilaterals

In a paper chart, draw out a quadrilateral and its angles with different colours. Then create a circle by joining those angles to show the fact that the sum of the interior angles of a quadrilateral is 360 degrees.


Math Model for Class 8

The following ideas regarding their syllabus will help students to make various maths models.

1. Algebraic Formulas

To make the algebraic formulas more interesting, students can use various blocks of colourful papers for each term in a formula and paste it on a paper chart following the formulas.


2. Polygons

To make a maths model on polygons, cut various colourful papers and paste it in increasing order on a white chart.


Math Model for Class 7

Students of class 7 can easily create math models with the given ideas.

1. Types of Angles

Draw different types of angles, including acute angle, obtuse angle, right angle with the use of coloured pencils.


2. Lines and Transversal

To show lines and traversal, first take a piece of Styrofoam and cut two parallel lines and traverse it using a cutter. Then point out the eight angles that have been generated by a traversal on the crossing path of two lines.


Math Models for Class 6

By using the given simple models, students can utilize the process in creating them.

1. Prime and Composite Number of Charts

To memorise the prime and composite numbers more efficiently, outline a table in a paper chart. Put the numbers from 1-100 in each block. Then colour only the prime numbers.


2. Clocks

Take a cardboard and needle to create a wall clock and show different timings with the needle.


Maths Model for Class 5

Below are some examples of maths models which help students to easily understand the concept behind it.

1. Shapes and Angles

Take a big paper and draw different shapes such as triangle, rectangle, square with colourful pencils. Likewise, draw different angles.


2. How Many Squares

In a white paper, first draw a big rectangle with a colour pencil. Then, inside the rectangle, draw as many squares as possible with different colour pencils to show how many squares can be drawn in a rectangle.


Students from grade 5-10 who are struggling to comprehend the underlying mathematical concepts of the maths model for class 10 can gain considerable help by following the above-mentioned discussion. In this regard, students can rely on the lessons provided by the online tutoring site named Vedantu. At an affordable price, students can get access to the online sessions i.e. live tutorials, notes by simply registering on the site.


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FAQs on Mathematical Model Explained for Students

1. What is a maths model?

A maths model is a mathematical representation of a real-world situation using equations, formulas, graphs, or functions. It translates real-life problems into mathematical language so they can be analyzed and solved.

  • Uses variables to represent unknown quantities
  • Describes relationships using equations or functions
  • Helps make predictions or decisions
For example, the equation d = rt models the relationship between distance, rate, and time.

2. What are the steps in creating a mathematical model?

The main steps in creating a mathematical model are defining variables, forming equations, solving, and validating results.

  • Identify the real-world problem
  • Define variables and assumptions
  • Formulate mathematical equations
  • Solve the equations
  • Interpret and verify the solution
This process is often called the modelling cycle in applied mathematics.

3. What is an example of a mathematical model in real life?

An example of a mathematical model is the compound interest formula A = P(1 + r/n)nt. This model calculates the total amount A after interest is applied.

  • P = principal amount
  • r = interest rate
  • n = number of times interest is compounded per year
  • t = time in years
This model is widely used in finance and banking.

4. What is the difference between a mathematical model and a formula?

A formula is a specific mathematical equation, while a mathematical model is a broader system of equations and assumptions used to represent a real situation.

  • A formula gives a direct calculation (e.g., A = πr²)
  • A model may include multiple formulas and assumptions
  • Models explain behavior; formulas compute results
Thus, formulas are often components of mathematical models.

5. Why are mathematical models important?

Mathematical models are important because they help predict outcomes and solve real-world problems using mathematics.

  • Used in science, engineering, economics, and medicine
  • Allow simulation of future scenarios
  • Support data-driven decision making
For example, population growth can be predicted using the exponential model P = P₀ekt.

6. What are the types of mathematical models?

The main types of mathematical models are deterministic, stochastic, linear, and nonlinear models.

  • Deterministic model: No randomness (e.g., y = 2x + 3)
  • Stochastic model: Includes probability or randomness
  • Linear model: Graph is a straight line
  • Nonlinear model: Graph is curved
Each type is chosen based on the nature of the real-world situation.

7. How do you create a linear mathematical model?

A linear mathematical model is created by forming an equation of the form y = mx + c, where m is the slope and c is the intercept.

  • Collect data points
  • Calculate slope: m = (y₂ − y₁)/(x₂ − x₁)
  • Find intercept using one data point
  • Write the equation
For example, if m = 2 and c = 1, the model is y = 2x + 1.

8. What assumptions are made in a mathematical model?

Assumptions in a mathematical model are simplified conditions that make the problem solvable.

  • Ignoring minor variables
  • Assuming constant rates
  • Treating complex systems as linear
For example, in projectile motion models, air resistance is often ignored to simplify calculations.

9. What is the exponential growth model formula?

The exponential growth model is given by P = P₀ekt, where P₀ is the initial value, k is the growth rate, and t is time.

  • If k > 0, the quantity grows
  • If k < 0, it represents decay
For example, if P₀ = 100 and k = 0.05, then after 1 unit of time, P ≈ 105.13.

10. What are common mistakes when building a mathematical model?

Common mistakes in building a mathematical model include incorrect assumptions, wrong variable definitions, and ignoring units.

  • Using unrealistic assumptions
  • Forgetting to validate results
  • Mixing inconsistent measurement units
  • Overfitting data in statistical models
Careful verification and checking units improve the accuracy and reliability of the model.