Question

Which among the following is a tranquilizer?
A. Aspirin
B. Valium
C. Penicillin
D. Sulphanilamide

Answer 1

Hint: We all know about drug addiction. Tranquilizers are one of the primary drugs people get addicted to since it reduces all physical and psychological effects of anxiety. Benzodiazepine is among the most popular examples of tranquilizer.

Complete step by step solution:
Tranquilizer is a drug that is used to reduce anxiety, fear, tension, agitation, and related states of mental disturbance. Tranquilizers fall into two main classes, major and minor.
Major tranquilizers, which are also known as neuroleptics, are so called because they are used to treat major states of mental disturbance in schizophrenics and other psychotic patients.
Minor tranquilizers, which are also known as anxiolytics, are used to treat milder states of anxiety and tension in healthy individuals or people with less serious mental disorders.
We should note,
Valium (diazepam) is a benzodiazepine which works by enhancing the activity of certain neurotransmitters in the brain.
Valium is used to treat anxiety disorders, alcohol withdrawal symptoms, or muscle spasms.
Hence, Valium (Option B) should be the correct answer.

Additional Information:
Let us also briefly learn about the other options provided to us.
Aspirin is used as a painkiller against minor aches and to reduce fever.
Penicillin is an antibiotic used to cure Malaria
Sulphanilamides are a group of antibacterial drugs.

Note: Tranquilizer causes a drug action of calming of behavior or mental state. Sedative causes calming of anxiety but may also impair alertness. Both of them may also cause unwanted side effects as tremors of the limbs, rigidity, restlessness, and involuntary spasms of the facial muscles, tongue, and lips. Hence it is extremely important for us to use these drugs only on being prescribed and never overdose on them.