Question

The radiations having high penetrating power and not affected by an electrical and magnetic field are:
A. Alpha rays
B. Beta rays
C. Gamma rays
D. Neutrons

Answer 1

Hint: The radiation or ray which is neutral or uncharged has the highest high penetrating power and is not affected by an electrical and magnetic field. This is because the uncharged rays are not affected by the charge of the nucleus of an atom.

Complete Step by Step Answer:
$\alpha $ -rays consist of $\alpha $ particles. The alpha particles are actually helium atoms. Helium atoms have a mass number of $4$ and atomic number of $2$ . Thus the alpha particle is a positively charged particle and bents its path on penetration.

 $\beta $ -rays consist of beta particles. The beta particles are actually high energetic electrons. Electrons are negatively charged particles of the nucleus that revolve around the nucleus. Due to the presence of positively charged protons in the nucleus an atom remains stable with negatively charged electrons. So beta particles bend more than alpha particles in a given magnetic field.

$\gamma $ -rays are not material particles. It is a high energetic electromagnetic radiation consisting of a packet of energy. $\gamma $ -rays does not have any charge. They do not contain any particle or any charged particle. Actually $\gamma $ -rays are neutral. So they are not affected by magnetic fields.

Neutron is a subatomic particle of an atom. It has no charge and it is not affected by magnetic fields and electric fields.
Thus the correct option is C.

Note: Alpha particles as a building block make a nuclide exceptionally stable. These rays are emitted due to disintegration of unstable nuclide or radioactive nuclide. These rays have higher energy.