Question

The odd decomposition of carbon chlorine bond form
A. Two free ions
B. Two carbanium ion
C. Two carbanion
D. A cation and an anion

Answer 1

Hint:A bond is made of two atoms which can decompose in two ways. It can be either homolytic decomposition or it can be heterolytic decomposition.
Homolytic and heterolytic decomposition depends on the electronegative nature of the two atoms. If there is no electronegative difference between the atoms then homolytic decomposition of the bond takes place. If there is an electronegative difference between the atoms then the decomposition is homolytic.

Complete step-by-step answer:Carbon has electronegativity value \[2.55\] and chlorine has electronegativity value \[3.16\]. Thus, the difference in the electronegativity of the atoms leads to heterolytic decomposition.
In heterolytic decomposition, there is formation of charges. The atom which is more electronegative retains the shared pair of electrons and hence, bears a negative charge. Whereas the less electronegative atom bears positive charge because of removal of electrons.
Thus, $C{l^ - }$ and ${C^ + }$ are formed. $C{l^ - }$ is the anion that is formed and ${C^ + }$ is the cation that is formed.

Option ‘D’ is correct

Note: Homolytic decomposition leads to formation of free radicals and each atom takes one electron each because of having the same electronegativity value. Homolytic decomposition is seen when both the atoms are the same. Example, hydrogen gas ${H_2}$ and chlorine $C{l_2}$.
Free radicals are electron deficient highly reactive species. They generally combine with other free radicals or if combined with molecules, then they lead to generation of new free radicals.